Theodore Roosevelt

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Vikipediya, ochiq ensiklopediya
Theodore Roosevelt
President Roosevelt - Pach Bros.jpg
Rasmiy portret (tax. 1904)
26–Amerika Qoʻshma Shtatlari Prezidenti
Mansab davri
14-sentabr 1901-yil — 4-mart 1909-yil
Vitse-prezident
Oʻtmishdoshi William McKinley
Vorisi William Howard Taft
25–Amerika Qoʻshma Shtatlari Vitse-prezidenti
Mansab davri
4-mart 1901-yil — 14-sentabr 1901-yil
Prezident William McKinley
Oʻtmishdoshi Garret Hobart
Vorisi Charles W. Fairbanks
33–New York shtati gubernatoru
Mansab davri
1-yanvar 1899-yil — 31-dekabr 1900-yil
Oʻtmishdoshi Frank S. Black
Vorisi Benjamin Barker Odell Jr.
Shaxsiy maʼlumotlari
Tavalludi
Theodore Roosevelt Jr.

27-oktyabr 1858-yil
New York shahri, AQSh
Vafoti 6-yanvar 1919-yil(1919-01-06)
(60 yoshda)
Oyster Bay, New York, AQSh
Fuqaroligi AQSH bayrogʻi AQSh
Siyosiy partiyasi Respublikachilar (1880–1912, 1916–1919)
Boʻyi 179 sm
Turmush oʻrtogʻi
Bolalari Alice Lee Roosevelt, Theodore Roosevelt Jr., Kermit Roosevelt, Ethel Roosevelt Derby, Archibald Roosevelt, Quentin Roosevelt
Ota-onasi
  • Theodore Roosevelt Sr.
  • Martha Bulloch Roosevelt
Taʼlim
Kasbi
  • Siyosatchi
  • tabiatshunos
  • muallif
Imzosi

Theodore Roosevelt Jr. (talaffuzi: Teodor Ruzvelt kichik; 27-oktabr 1858-yil — 6-yanvar 1919-yil) amerikalik siyosatchi, davlat arbobi, tabiatshunos, tarixchi va yozuvchi boʻlib, 1901-yildan to 1909-yilga qadar Amerika Qoʻshma Shtatlarining 26-prezidenti vazifasini bajargandir. Bungacha, 1899-yildan 1900-yilga qadar New York shtatining 33-gubernatori, 1901-yilning martidan sentabriga qadar esa vitse-prezident (William McKinley prezidentligi davrida) lavozimlarida faoliyat yuritgan. McKinleyga suiqasd qilingani ortidan prezidentlik lavozimiga kelgan Roosevelt Respublikachilar partiyasi lideri oʻlaroq maydonga chiqdi hamda monopoliyachilarga qarshi kurashda shiddatli kuchga aylandi.

Roosevelt bolaligida juda nimjon boʻlgan. Astma kasalligi bilan ogʻringan. Biroq, u bunday mashaqqatli hayot tarzini ishtiyoq bilan qabul qilishi ortidan sogʻligi bilan bogʻliq muammolarni qisman yengdi. U sogʻligi bilan bogʻliq muammolar tufayli uyda taʼlim olishga majbur boʻlgan va koʻp vaqtini hobbisi boʻlgan tabiatshunoslikka sarflagan. 1876-yili Harvard universitetiga oʻqishga kirdi. Qalamiga mansub The Naval War of 1812 (1882) kitobi unga oʻqimishli tarixchi va mashhur yozuvchi oʻlaroq obroʻ-eʼtibor keltirdi. Siyosatga kiishi zahoti New York shtati legislaturasida Respublikachilarning islohot fraksiyasi lideri boʻldi. Uning rafiqasi va onasi bir kechada vafot etishdi va buning ortidan Roosevelt ruhiy jihatdan tushkunlikka tushib qoldi. U keyinchalik Dakotasda chorva ranchosini sotib olib, uni yuritadi. U prezident William McKinley davrida harbiy dengiz flotida yordamchi kotib oʻlaroq xizmat qildi hamda 1898-yilda juda muvaffaqiyatli boʻlgan Ispaniyaga qarshi dengiz urushini rejalashtirishda yordam bergan. U Kubada ispanlar armiyasiga qarshi kurash olib borgan „Rough Riders“ birligini shakllantirish va unga yetakchilik qilishda koʻmak berish maqsadida amalda egallab turgan lavozimini tark etadi. Urush qahramoni boʻlib qaytgach, 1898-yili New York shtati gubernatori etib saylandi. New York shtat partiyasi rahbariyati uning ulkan agendasini xushlamadi va McKinleyni 1900-yilgi prezidentlik saylovlarida yordamchisi boʻlib qatnashishiga ishontirdi. McKinley va Roosevelt bu saylovda gʻalaba qozonishdi.

Manbalar[tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash]

Bibliografiya[tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash]

  • Brands, Henry William (1997), TR: The Last Romantic (full biography), New York: Basic Books, ISBN 978-0-465-06958-3, OCLC 36954615.
  • Chessman, G Wallace (1965), Governor Theodore Roosevelt: The Albany Apprenticeship, 1898–1900
  • Cooper, John Milton (1983), The Warrior and the Priest: Woodrow Wilson and Theodore Roosevelt (dual scholarly biography), ISBN 978-0-674-94751-1.
  • Dalton, Kathleen (2002), Theodore Roosevelt: A Strenuous Life (full scholarly biography), ISBN 0-679-76733-9.
  • Gould, Lewis L (2012), Theodore Roosevelt, ISBN 978-0-19-979701-1, 105 pp, very short biography by leading scholar.
  • Harbaugh, William Henry (1963), The Life and Times of Theodore Roosevelt (full scholarly biography), Farrar, Straus And Cudahy.; also titled Power and responsibility; the life and times of Theodore Roosevelt online free to borrow
  • Miller, Nathan (1992), Theodore Roosevelt: A Life, William Morrow & Co, ISBN 9780688067847.
  • Morris, Edmund (1979), The Rise of Theodore Roosevelt, 1. To 1901-jild, ISBN 9780698107830.
  • Morris, Edmund (2001), Theodore Rex, 2. To 1909-jild
  • Morris, Edmund (2010), Colonel Roosevelt, 3-jild
  • Pringle, Henry F (1931), Theodore Roosevelt (full scholarly biography).
  • Pringle, Henry F (1956), Theodore Roosevelt (2nd-nashr), New York, Harcourt, Brace
  • Putnam, Carleton (1958), Theodore Roosevelt (biography), I: The Formative Years-jild, only volume published, to age 28.
  • Samuels, Peggy (1997), Teddy Roosevelt at San Juan: The Making of a President, Texas A&M UP, ISBN 978-0-89096-771-3.
  • Thayer, William Roscoe (1919), Theodore Roosevelt: an intimate biography, Houghton Mifflin.

Havolalar[tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash]

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