Kamala Harris

Kamala Xarris
	; Rasmiy portret (2021)
49-Amerika Qoʻshma Shtatlari vitse-prezidenti
	Mansab davri; 20-yanvar 2021-yil
Prezident	Jo Bayden
Oʻtmishdoshi	Mayk Pens
AQSh senatori (Kaliforniyadan)
	Mansab davri; 3-yanvar 2017-yil – 18-yanvar 2021-yil
Oʻtmishdoshi	Barbara Bokser
Vorisi	Aleks Padilla
32-Kaliforniya bosh prokurori
	Mansab davri; 3-yanvar 2011-yil – 3-yanvar 2017-yil
Hokim	Jerri Braun
Oʻtmishdoshi	Jerri Braun
Vorisi	Ksavier Beserra
27-San-Fransisko okrug prokurori
	Mansab davri; 8-yanvar 2004-yil – 3-yanvar 2011-yil
Oʻtmishdoshi	Terens Xallinan
Vorisi	Jorj Gaskon
Shaxsiy maʼlumotlari
Tavalludi	Kamala Devi Harris; 20-oktyabr 1964-yil (60 yosh); Oklend, Kaliforniya, AQSh
Fuqaroligi	AQSh
Siyosiy partiyasi	Demokratlar
Turmush oʻrtogʻi	Doug Emhoff (turm. 2014)
Ota-onasi	Donald J. Xarris; Shyamala Gopalan;
Alma mater	Xovard universiteti (BA); Xastings huquq kollejini (Kaliforniya universiteti) (JD);
Kasbi	Siyosatchi; huquqshunos; muallif;
Imzosi
Vebsayti	Kampaniya sayti; Oq uy sayti;

Kamala Devi Xarris (/ˈkɑːmələ/ KAH-mə-lə,^[2]^[3] inglizcha: Kamala Devi Harris; 20-oktabr 1964-yilda tugʻilgan)^[4] amerikalik siyosatchi, yurist hamda 49- va amaldagi Amerika Qoʻshma Shtatlari vitse-prezidentidir. U AQSh tarixida eng yuqori lavozimda ishlaydigan ilk ayol rasmiy hamda ilk afroamerikalik va osiyolik amerikalik vitse-prezidentdir.^[5]^[6] Demokratlar partiyasi aʼzosi boʻlgan Xarris 2011-yildan 2017-yilga qadar Kaliforniya bosh prokurori, 2017-yildan 2021-yilga qadar esa Kaliforniyadan AQSh senatori vazifalarini bajargan. 2020-yilgi prezidentlik saylovlarida Xarris Jo Baydenning yordamchisi (vitse-prezident) sifatida qatnashib, amaldagi prezident Donald Tramp va vitse-prezident Mayk Pens ustidan gʻalaba qozonishdi.

Kaliforniya shtatining Oklend shahrida tugʻilgan Xarris Xovard universiteti va Xastings huquq kollejini (Kaliforniya universiteti) tugatgan. 2003-yilda San-Fransisko okrug prokurori etib saylangan. 2010-yilda Kaliforniya bosh prokurori etib saylandi. 2014-yilgi Kaliforniya bosh prokurorlik saylovlarida ham gʻalaba qozonib, ikkinchi muddatga qayta saylandi. Xarris 2017-yildan 2021-yilga qadar Kaliforniyadan kichik AQSh senatori lavozimini bajargan. U 2016-yilgi Senat saylovida Loretta Sanchez ustidan gʻalaba qozondi va buning ortidan AQSh senatida faoliyat yuritgan ikkinchi afroamerikalik ayol va birinchi janubiy osiyolik amerikalik boʻldi.^[7]^[8] U Senat sud majlislari davomida Tramp administratsiyasi rasmiylarini, jumladan jinsiy zoʻravonlikda ayblangan Oliy sudga ikkinchi nomzod Brett Kavanaughni soʻroq qilganligini bilan obroʻ qozondi.^[9]

Dastlabki hayoti

Kamala Devi Xarris Kaliforniya shtatining Oakland shahrida^[10] 1964-yil 20-oktyabrda dunyoga kelgan.^[4] Onasi Shyamala Gopalan hind biologi boʻlib,^[11] 1958-yili 19 yoshida Hindistondan AQShga oziqlanish va endokrinologiya boʻyicha Berkeleydagi Kaliforniya universiteti talabasi oʻlaroq kelgan;^[12]^[13] Gopalan 1964-yilda falsafa doktori boʻlgan.^[14] Xarrisning otasi — Donald J. Xarris, Stanford universitetida iqtisod boʻyicha professor boʻlib, 1961-yilda Britaniya Yamaykasidan AQShga, UC Berkeleyda oʻqish uchun kelgan; 1966-yilda iqtisod boʻyicha falsafa doktori boʻlgan.^[15]^[16] Afroyamaykalik kelib chiqishga ega boʻlgan Donald Xarris boʻlajak rafiqasi Shyamala Gopalan bilan ilk marta fuqarolik huquqlari harakati orqali uchrashgan.^[17]^[18]

Ilk karyerasi (1990-2004)

1990-yilda Xarris Kaliforniyaning Alameda okrugida tuman prokurori oʻrinbosari lavozimiga ishga qabul qilindi va u yerda uni “ko'p narsaga qodir prokuror” deb atashgan. 1994-yilda Kaliforniya Assambleyasi boshlig'i Villi Braun, o'sha paytda Xarris bilan uchrashib, uni shtatdagi "Ishsizlik sug'urtasi bo'yicha apellyatsiya kengashi"ga, keyinroq Kaliforniya tibbiy yordam komissiyasiga prizident etib tayinladi. Xarris 1994-yilda o'z vazifalarini bajarishdan olti oylik ta'tilga chiqdi, keyin esa u kengashlarda o'tirgan yillar davomida prokuror sifatida qayta ishladi. Xarrisning Braun bilan aloqasi Kaliforniya siyosiy rahbarlarining komissiyalardagi daromadli lavozimlarga "do'stlari va sodiq siyosiy askarlar"ni tayinlash namunasi sifatida ommaviy axborot vositalarida qayd etilgan. Xarris o'z ishini himoya qildi.

1998-yil fevral oyida San-Fransisko tuman prokurori Terens Hallinan Xarrisni tuman prokurori yordamchisi sifatida ishga oldi. U yerda u shaxar jinoiy bo'limining boshlig'i bo'lib, beshta boshqa advokatni nazorat qildi, u yerda qotillik, o'g'irlik, talonchilik va jinsiy zo'ravonlik holatlari, xususan, uchta ish tashlash holatlari bo'yicha jinoiy ish ko'rdi. 2000-yilda Xarris Xallinanning yordamchisi Darrell Salomon bilan 21-taklif ustida to'qnashgani haqida xabar berilgan edi, bu esa prokurorlarga voyaga yetmaganlar sudida emas, balki Oliy sudda voyaga etmagan ayblanuvchilarni ko'rib chiqish imkoniyatini berdi. Xarris qabul qilingan choraga qarshi harakat olib bordi. Salomon Xarrisga Prop 21 haqidagi ommaviy axborot vositalarining so'rovlarini yo'naltirishga qarshi chiqdi. Xarris Salomon ustidan shikoyat qildi va ishdan ketdi.

2000-yil avgust oyida Xarris San-Fransisko shahar hokimiyatiga ishga kirdi va shahar advokati Luiza Renning huzurida ishladi. Xarris bolalarga nisbatan zo'ravonlik va beparvolik holatlarini ifodalovchi Oila va bolalar xizmatlari bo'limini boshqargan^[19]^[20].

Nashrlar

Xarris ikkita nofantastik kitob va bitta bolalar uchun moʻljallangan kitob muallifidir.

Harris, Kamala; O'C Hamilton, Joan. Smart on Crime: A Career Prosecutor's Plan to Make Us Safer. San Francisco, CA: Chronicle Books, 2009. ISBN 978-0-8118-6528-9.
Harris, Kamala. Superheroes Are Everywhere. London: Penguin Young Readers Group, 2019. ISBN 978-1-984837-49-3.
Harris, Kamala. The Truths We Hold: An American Journey. London: Penguin, 2019. ISBN 978-1-984886-22-4.

Galereya

Xarris San-Fransisko okrug prokurori sifatida
Senator Xarrisning rasmiy portreti
Xarris 2017-yili Howard universitetida
Xarris 2019-yilda
Xarris Gvatemalada (2021-yil iyun)
Xarris va Germaniya kansleri Angela Merkel (2021-yil iyul)

Manbalar

↑ Debolt, David. „Here's Kamala Harris' birth certificate. Scholars say there's no VP eligibility debate“. The Mercury News (18-avgust 2020-yil). Qaraldi: 27-noyabr 2021-yil.
↑ Thomas, Ken (15-fevral 2013-yil). „You Say 'Ka-MILLA;' I Say 'KUH-ma-la.' Both Are Wrong“. The Wall Street Journal. 1-bet.{{cite magazine}}: CS1 maint: date format ()
↑ „Tucker Carlson doesn't pronounce Kamala Harris's name correctly, and doesn't seem to care“. National Post (12-avgust 2020-yil). Qaraldi: 12-avgust 2020-yil.
↑ ^4,0 ^4,1 Amerika Qoʻshma Shtatlari Kongressi. „Kamala Harris (id: H001075)“ (en). Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Qaraldi: 20-may 2020-yil.
↑ Kalita, S. Mitra. „Kamala Harris' Indian roots and why they matter“. CNN (12-avgust 2020-yil). Qaraldi: 27-fevral 2020-yil.
↑ Sudeep, Theres. „Indian-origin politicians around the world“. Deccan Herald (21-noyabr 2020-yil). Qaraldi: 27-fevral 2020-yil.
↑ „Kamala D. Harris: US Senator from California“. United States Senate. — „In 2017, Kamala D. Harris was sworn in as a United States senator for California, the second African-American woman, and first South Asian-American senator in history.“. 14-oktabr 2020-yilda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 29-iyul 2020-yil.(Wayback Machine saytida 2020-10-14 sanasida arxivlangan)
↑ Weinberg, Tessa; Palaniappan, Sruthi „Kamala Harris: Everything you need to know about the 2020 presidential candidate“. ABC News (3-dekabr 2019-yil). — „Harris is the daughter of an Indian mother and Jamaican father, and is the second African-American woman and first South Asian-American senator in history.“. Qaraldi: 10-avgust 2020-yil.
↑ Viser, Matt. „Kamala Harris enters 2020 Presidential Race“ (21-yanvar 2019-yil). Qaraldi: 22-yanvar 2019-yil.
↑ Kim, Catherin; Stanton, Zack „55 Things You Need to Know About Kamala Harris“ (en). Politico (11-avgust 2020-yil). Qaraldi: 23-avgust 2020-yil.
↑ „In Memoriam: Dr. Shyamala G. Harris“ (en-US). Breast Cancer Action (21-iyun 2009-yil). Qaraldi: 23-yanvar 2019-yil.
↑ Travernise, Sabrina. „Kamala Harris, Daughter of Immigrants, Is the Face of America's Demographic Shift“. New York Times (15-avgust 2020-yil). Qaraldi: 24-avgust 2020-yil. „When Kamala Harris's mother left India for California in 1958, the percentage of Americans who were immigrants was at its lowest point in over a century. … Her arrival at Berkeley as a young graduate student …“.
↑ Bengali, Shashank; Mason, Melanie. „The progressive Indian grandfather who inspired Kamala Harris“. Los Angeles Times (25-oktabr 2019-yil). Qaraldi: 24-aprel 2020-yil. „In 1958, she surprised them by applying for a master's program at UC Berkeley, a campus they had never heard of. She was 19, the eldest of their four children, and had never set foot outside India. Her parents dug into Gopalan's retirement savings to pay her tuition and living costs for the first year. … left to study nutrition and endocrinology at Berkeley, eventually earning a PhD.“.
↑ Biswas, Soutik. „Biden's VP pick: Why Kamala Harris embraces her biracial roots“. BBC (11-avgust 2020-yil). Qaraldi: 24-avgust 2020-yil. „Gopalan picked up her doctorate degree at age 25 in 1964, the same year Ms Harris was born.“.
↑ „PM Golding congratulates Kamala Harris-daughter of Jamaican – on appointment as California's First Woman Attorney General“. Jamaican Information Service (2-dekabr 2010-yil). 2012-yil 15-yanvarda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2022-yil 31-yanvar.
↑ „Stanford University – Department of Economics“. web.stanford.edu. Qaraldi: 19-may 2020-yil.
↑ Barry, Ellen. „How Kamala Harris's Immigrant Parents Found a Home, and Each Other, in a Black Study Group“. The New York Times (13-sentabr 2020-yil). Qaraldi: 23-mart 2021-yil.
↑ Clarke, Chevaz „Get to know Kamala Harris' family“ (en-US). CBS News (14-avgust 2020-yil). Qaraldi: 19-avgust 2020-yil.
↑ „Women's Radio: This DA Makes a Difference For Women“. Womensradio.com. 2010-yil 19-dekabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2010-yil 18-noyabr.
↑ https://web.archive.org/web/20200213202115/https://www.sfweekly.com/news/kamalas-karma/

Havolalar

Rasmiy sayti ^(ingl.)
Kamala Harris IMDbda
Kamala Harris PolitiFactda ^(ingl.)

[1] Debolt, David. „Here's Kamala Harris' birth certificate. Scholars say there's no VP eligibility debate“. The Mercury News (18-avgust 2020-yil). Qaraldi: 27-noyabr 2021-yil.

[2] Thomas, Ken (15-fevral 2013-yil). „You Say 'Ka-MILLA;' I Say 'KUH-ma-la.' Both Are Wrong“. The Wall Street Journal. 1-bet.{{cite magazine}}: CS1 maint: date format ()

[3] „Tucker Carlson doesn't pronounce Kamala Harris's name correctly, and doesn't seem to care“. National Post (12-avgust 2020-yil). Qaraldi: 12-avgust 2020-yil.

[:0-4] 4,0 ^4,1 Amerika Qoʻshma Shtatlari Kongressi. „Kamala Harris (id: H001075)“ (en). Biographical Directory of the United States Congress. Qaraldi: 20-may 2020-yil.

[5] Kalita, S. Mitra. „Kamala Harris' Indian roots and why they matter“. CNN (12-avgust 2020-yil). Qaraldi: 27-fevral 2020-yil.

[6] Sudeep, Theres. „Indian-origin politicians around the world“. Deccan Herald (21-noyabr 2020-yil). Qaraldi: 27-fevral 2020-yil.

[7] „Kamala D. Harris: US Senator from California“. United States Senate. — „In 2017, Kamala D. Harris was sworn in as a United States senator for California, the second African-American woman, and first South Asian-American senator in history.“. 14-oktabr 2020-yilda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 29-iyul 2020-yil.(Wayback Machine saytida 2020-10-14 sanasida arxivlangan)

[8] Weinberg, Tessa; Palaniappan, Sruthi „Kamala Harris: Everything you need to know about the 2020 presidential candidate“. ABC News (3-dekabr 2019-yil). — „Harris is the daughter of an Indian mother and Jamaican father, and is the second African-American woman and first South Asian-American senator in history.“. Qaraldi: 10-avgust 2020-yil.

[9] Viser, Matt. „Kamala Harris enters 2020 Presidential Race“ (21-yanvar 2019-yil). Qaraldi: 22-yanvar 2019-yil.

[10] Kim, Catherin; Stanton, Zack „55 Things You Need to Know About Kamala Harris“ (en). Politico (11-avgust 2020-yil). Qaraldi: 23-avgust 2020-yil.

[bcaction-11] „In Memoriam: Dr. Shyamala G. Harris“ (en-US). Breast Cancer Action (21-iyun 2009-yil). Qaraldi: 23-yanvar 2019-yil.

[NYTimes-Travernise-A-12] Travernise, Sabrina. „Kamala Harris, Daughter of Immigrants, Is the Face of America's Demographic Shift“. New York Times (15-avgust 2020-yil). Qaraldi: 24-avgust 2020-yil. „When Kamala Harris's mother left India for California in 1958, the percentage of Americans who were immigrants was at its lowest point in over a century. … Her arrival at Berkeley as a young graduate student …“.

[LATimes-A-13] Bengali, Shashank; Mason, Melanie. „The progressive Indian grandfather who inspired Kamala Harris“. Los Angeles Times (25-oktabr 2019-yil). Qaraldi: 24-aprel 2020-yil. „In 1958, she surprised them by applying for a master's program at UC Berkeley, a campus they had never heard of. She was 19, the eldest of their four children, and had never set foot outside India. Her parents dug into Gopalan's retirement savings to pay her tuition and living costs for the first year. … left to study nutrition and endocrinology at Berkeley, eventually earning a PhD.“.

[BBC-Biswas-A-14] Biswas, Soutik. „Biden's VP pick: Why Kamala Harris embraces her biracial roots“. BBC (11-avgust 2020-yil). Qaraldi: 24-avgust 2020-yil. „Gopalan picked up her doctorate degree at age 25 in 1964, the same year Ms Harris was born.“.

[15] „PM Golding congratulates Kamala Harris-daughter of Jamaican – on appointment as California's First Woman Attorney General“. Jamaican Information Service (2-dekabr 2010-yil). 2012-yil 15-yanvarda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2022-yil 31-yanvar.

[:1-16] „Stanford University – Department of Economics“. web.stanford.edu. Qaraldi: 19-may 2020-yil.

[17] Barry, Ellen. „How Kamala Harris's Immigrant Parents Found a Home, and Each Other, in a Black Study Group“. The New York Times (13-sentabr 2020-yil). Qaraldi: 23-mart 2021-yil.

[18] Clarke, Chevaz „Get to know Kamala Harris' family“ (en-US). CBS News (14-avgust 2020-yil). Qaraldi: 19-avgust 2020-yil.

[19] „Women's Radio: This DA Makes a Difference For Women“. Womensradio.com. 2010-yil 19-dekabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2010-yil 18-noyabr.

[20] ttps://web.archive.org/web/20200213202115/https://www.sfweekly.com/news/kamalas-karma/

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k m t AQSh vitse-prezidentlari
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