Astrologiya

Vikipediya, ochiq ensiklopediya
Astrologik soat. Venetsiya.

Astrologiya (yun. ἀστήρ – „yulduz“ va λόγος – „qayd“) astronomik hodisalar va odamlar dunyosidagi voqealar orasida aloqa bor, degan ishonchlar majmuidir. Gʻarbda astrologiya asosan shaxsiyatning tarzi va hayoti u tugʻilgan paytda Quyosh, Oy va boshqa osmon jismlarining joylashuviga bogʻliq ekanligini iddao etuvchi burjlar tizimidan iborat. Hind, xitoy va maya kabi turli madaniyatlarda yerdagi voqealarga astronomik hodisalarning muhim taʼsiri bor, deb hisoblanadi.[1]

Hind-Yevropa xalqlari orasida astrologiyaning ildizlari eramizdan avvalgi uchinchi mingyillikka borib taqaladi; fasllarni bashorat etish uchun taqvim hisoblashda tarixan odamlar osmon jismlari sikllari orqali ilohiy mavjudotlar yerliklar bilan aloqa oʻrnatadi, deb fikrlashgan.[2] Oʻtmishda astrologiya ilmiy soha, deb qaralgan. U siyosiy va akademik doiralarda qabul qilinib, astronomiya, alkimyo, meteorologiya va tibbiyot kabi boshqa ishlarga kiritilgan.[3] XVII asr oxirida astronomiyada yangi paydo boʻlgan ilmiy konseptlar (geliosentrizm kabi) astrologiyaning ishonchligiga shubha uygʻota boshladi, keyingi tadqiqotlar uning bashorat kuchi mavjudligini koʻrsatmadi. Shunday qilib astrologiya oʻzining akademik va nazariy oʻrnini yoʻqotdi. Keyinchalik, XIX va XX asrda spiritualizm va New Age oqimlari hamda gazetalardagi munajjimlar bashoratlari tufayli astrologiyaga yana qiziqish uygʻondi.[4]

Astrologiya yuzaki qaraganda fanga oʻxshab ketsa ham, u soxta fandir, chunki u muammolarini yechishga harakat qilmaydi, raqib nazariyalarni baholamaydi, tasdiq va fosh qilishlda taraflilik koʻrsatadi.[5][6][7]

Manbalar[tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash]

  1. OʻzME. Birinchi jild. Toshkent, 2000-yil
  2. Koch-Westenholz (1995). Foreword and p.11.
  3. Kassell and Ralley (2010). 'Stars, spirits, signs: towards a history of astrology 1100–1800'; pp.67-69.
  4. Campion (2009), pp.259-263, for the popularizing influence of newspaper astrology; pp. 239–249: for association with New Age philosophies.
  5. Kelly, I.W., R. Culver and P.J. Loptson, 1989: Astrology and science: an examination of the evidence. In Cosmic perspectives: essays dedicated to the memory of M.K.V. Bappu, S.K. Biswas, D.C.V. Mallik, and C.V. Vishveshwara, eds., Cambridge University Press, 249 pp.
  6. Asquith and Hacking (1978) 'Why Astrology is a Pseudoscience' by Paul R. Thagard. See also National Science Board (2006) Science and Engineering Indicators; ch 7: 'Science and Technology. Public Attitudes and Understanding: Belief in Pseudoscience (Wayback Machine saytida 2011-12-30 sanasida arxivlangan)'. National Science Foundation (2006); retrieved 19-aprel 2010-yil:"About three-fourths of Americans hold at least one pseudoscientific belief; i.e., they believed in at least 1 of the 10 survey items[29]" …" Those 10 items were extrasensory perception (ESP), that houses can be haunted, ghosts/that spirits of dead people can come back in certain places/situations, telepathy/communication between minds without using traditional senses, clairvoyance/the power of the mind to know the past and predict the future, astrology/that the position of the stars and planets can affect peopleʼs lives, that people can communicate mentally with someone who has died, witches, reincarnation/the rebirth of the soul in a new body after death, and channeling/allowing a „spirit-being“ to temporarily assume control of a body."
  7. Astrologiya (Wayback Machine saytida 2012-06-04 sanasida arxivlangan), Open Directory Project