Kontent qismiga oʻtish

Kampo oʻtlar roʻyxati

Vikipediya, ochiq ensiklopediya

Kampō (yoki Kanpō, míní) — anʼanaviy xitoy tibbiyotini oʻrganish va yapon tiliga moslashtirish. 1967 yilda Yaponiya Sogʻliqni saqlash, mehnat va jamoat salomatligi vazirligi Milliy sogʻliqni sugʻurtasi (NHI) dasturi boʻyicha toʻlov uchun toʻrtta kampo dori-darmonlarini tasdiqladi. 1976 yilda Sogʻliqni saqlash, mehnat va jamoat salomatligi vazirligi tomonidan 82 ta kampo dori-darmonlari tasdiqlangan. Ayni paytda 148 ta kampo dori-darmonlari kompensatsiya uchun tasdiqlangan[1].

Yapon farmakopeyasining (JP) 14-nashrida (日本薬局方 Nihon yakkyokuho) kampo davolashda foydalanishga ruxsat berilgan 165 ta oʻsimlik ingredientlari roʻyxati keltirilgan[2].

Tsumura (ツムラ) 148 ta kampo dori-darmonlaridan 128 tasini ishlab chiqaruvchi yetakchi ishlab chiqaruvchi[3] . „Hisoblash“ ustuni ushbu 128 formuladan nechtasida oʻt topilganligini koʻrsatadi. Eng keng tarqalgan oʻt — Glycyrrhizae Radix (Xitoy qizilmiya ildizi). U Tsumuraning 128 ta formulasidan 94 tasida joylashgan. Boshqa keng tarqalgan oʻtlar — Zingiberis Rhizoma (zanjabil) (128 formuladan 51 tasi) va Paeoniae Radix (Xitoy pioni ildizi) (128 formuladan 44 tasi).

Zanjabil (Zingiber offi cinale) — bir pallalilar sinfiga, zanjabildoshlar oilasiga mansub, yoʻgʻon ildizpoyali koʻp yillik oʻt oʻsimlik. Asosan, tropik va subtropik mintaqalarda tarqalgan.

Sharqiy Osiyoda oʻstiriladi. Yer osti tanasining hamma qismida efir moyi bor. Qurigan ildizi xushboʻy hidli va mazali boʻlib, efir moyiga boy. Maydalanmagan Z.ning xushboʻy hidi maydalanganiga nisbatan uzoq saqlanadi. Tuyib elangan talqoni tabobatda jigar, yurak, meʼda xastaligini davolashda ishlatiladi (asal bilan birga choynakka damlab ichiladi). Oziq ovqat sanoatida konditer mahsulotlari ishlab chiqarishda va pazandachilikda baʼzi ovqatlarga (pishish oldidan) maydalangan holda ziravor sifatida ishlatiladi.

Nomi Umumiy nomi Kanji Katakana Turkum Hisob
Achyranthis Radix achyranthis root 牛膝 ゴシツ Achyranthes fauriei 3
Aconiti Rhizoma Carmichael’s monkshood rhizome 附子 ブシ Aconitum carmichaelii 6
Akebiae Caulis chocolate vine stem 木通 モクツウ Akebia quinata 5
Alismatis Rhizoma water plantain rhizome 沢瀉 タクシャ Alisma orientale 14
Alpiniae Officinari Rhizoma lesser galangal rhizome 良姜 リョウキョウ Alpinia officinarum 1
Amomi Semen black cardamom seed 縮砂 シュクシャ Amomum xanthioides 1
Anemarrhenae Rhizoma anemarrhena rhizome 知母 チモ Anemarrhena asphodeloides 6
Angelicae Dahuricae Radix angelica root 白芷 ビャクシ Angelica dahurica 5
Angelicae Radix Chinese angelica root 当帰 トウキ Angelica acutiloba 37
Araliae Cordatae Radix Japanese spikenard root 和羌活 ワキョウカツ Aralia cordata 1
Araliae Cordatae Rhizoma Japanese spikenard rhizome 独活 ドッカツ Aralia cordata 1
Arctii Fructus greater burdock fruit 牛蒡子 ゴボウシ Arctium lappa 2
Arecae Semen betel nut

areca nut
檳榔子 ビンロウジ Areca catechu 1
Arisaematis Rhizoma arisaema rhizome 天南星 テンナンショウ Arisaema heterophyllum 1
Artemisiae Capillari Flos wormwood flower, mugwort flower 茵蔯蒿 インチンコウ Artemisia capillaris 2
Artemisiae Folium wormwood leaf, mugwort leaf 艾葉 ガイヨウ Artemisia princeps 1
Asiasari Radix Chinese wild ginger root 細辛 サイシン Asarum sieboldii 5
Asini Corii Collas collagen 阿膠 アキョウ 5
Asparagi Radix asparagus root 天門冬 テンモンドウ Asparagus cochinchinensis 2
Astragali Radix astragalus root 黄耆 オウギ Astragalus membranaceus 14
Atractylodis Lanceae Rhizoma atractylodes rhizome 蒼朮 ソウジュツ Atractylodes lancea 34
Atractylodis Rhizoma white atractylodes rhizome 白朮 ビャクジュツ Atractylodes japonica 8
Aurantii Fructus Immaturus unripe bitter orange 枳実 キジツ Citrus aurantium 14
Aurantii Nobilis Pericarpium aged mikan orange peel 陳皮 チンピ Citrus unshiu 24
Bambusae Caulis, Phyllostachysis Caulis bamboo shavings 竹筎 チクジョ Bambusa tuldoides 2
Benincasae Semen winter melon seed 冬瓜子 トウガシ Benincasa cerifera 1
Bovis Bezoar cattle gallstone

calculus bovis
牛黄 ゴオウ Bos taurus 0
Bupleuri Radix bupleurum root 柴胡 サイコ Bupleurum falcatum 22
Camelliae Folium tea leaf 茶葉 チャヨウ Camellia sinensis 1
Cannabis Fructus hemp fruit 麻子仁 マシニン Cannabis sativa 3
Carthami Flos safflower flower 紅花 コウカ Carthamus tinctorius 2
Caryophylli Flos clove flower 丁子 チョウジ Syzygium aromaticum 2
Cassiae Semen senna seed 決明子 ケツメイシ Senna obtusifolia (formerly Cassia) 0
Chrysanthemi Flos chrysanthemum flower 菊花 キッカ Chrysanthemum morifolium 1
Cicadae Periostracum cicada molting 蝉退 ゼンタイ Cryptotympana tustulata 1
Cimicifugae Rhizoma bugbane rhizome, cohosh rhizome 升麻 ショウマ Cimicifuga simplex 5
Cinnamomi Cortex Chinese cinnamon bark 桂皮 ケイヒ Cinnamomum cassia 39
Clematidis Radix clematis root 威霊仙 イレイセン Clematis chinensis 2
Cnidii Rhizoma cnidium root 川芎 センキュウ Cnidium officinale 25
Coicis Semen Job’s Tears seed 薏苡仁 ヨクイニン Coix lacryma 3
Coptidis Rhizoma goldenthread rhizome 黄連 オウレン Coptis japonica 11
Corni Fructus Japanese cornel fruit 山茱萸 サンシュユ Cornus officinalis 3
Corydalis Rhizoma corydalis rhizome 延胡索 エンゴサク Corydalis turtschaninovii 1
Crassostreae Testa pacific oyster shell 牡蛎 ボレイ Crassostrea gigas 4
Crataegi Fructus Japanese hawthorn fruit 山楂子 サンザシ Crataegus cuneata 1
Crotonis Semen rushfoil seed, croton seed 巴豆 ハズ Croton tiglium 0
Cyperi Rhizoma nut-grass rhizome 香附子 コウブシ Cyperus rotundus 6
Dioscoreae Rhizoma Chinese yam rhizome 山薬 サンヤク Dioscorea japonica

D. opposita
4
Ephedra ephedra herb 麻黄 マオウ Ephedra sinica 13
Eriobotryae Folium loquat leaf 枇杷葉 ビワヨウ Eriobotrya japonica 1
Eucommiae Cortex eucommia bark 杜仲 トチュウ Eucommia ulmoides 1
Eupolyphaga ground beetle, wingless cockroach 庶虫(1) シャチュウ Eupolyphaga sinensis 0
Fel Ursi bear gallbladder 熊胆 ユウタン Ursus arctos 0
Foeniculi Fructus fennel fruit 茴香 ウイキョウ Foeniculum vulgare 1
Forsythiae Fructus forsythia fruit 連翹 レンギョウ Forsythia suspensa 5
Fossilia Ossis Mastodi dragon bone, fossilized vertebrae and bones 竜骨 リュウコツ 2
Fritillariae Bulbus fritillaria bulb 貝母 バイモ Fritillaria verticillata 2
Gardeniae Fructus gardenia fruit 山梔子 サンシシ Gardenia jasminoides 13
Gastrodiae Rhizoma gastrodia rhizome 天麻 テンマ Gastrodia elata 1
Gentianae Scabrae Radix Chinese gentian root 竜胆 リュウタン Gentiana scabra 3
Glehniae Radix Cum Rhizoma glehnia rhizome 浜防風 ハマボウフウ Glehnia littoralis 1
Glycyrrhizae Radix Chinese liquorice root 甘草 カンゾウ Glycyrrhiza uralensis 94
Glycyrrhizae Radix preparata Chinese liquorice root 炙甘草 シャカンゾウ Glycyrrhiza uralensis 1
Gypsum Fibrosum gypsum mineral 石膏 セッコウ 10
Hordei Fructus Germinatus barley sprout 麦芽 バクガ Hordeum vulgare 1
Houttuyniae Herba houttuynia herb 十薬 ジュウヤク Houttuynia cordata 0
Leonuri Herba Chinese motherwort herb 益母草 ヤクモソウ Leonurus japonicus 0
Lilii Bulbus tiger lily bulb 百合 ビャクゴウ Lilium lancifolium 1
Linderae Radix spicebush root, benjamin bush root 烏薬 ウヤク Lindera strychnifolia 0
Lithospermi Radix lithospermum root 紫根 シコン Lithospermum erythrorhizon 0
Longan Arillus longan fruit flesh 竜眼肉 リュウガンニク Euphoria longana 2
Lonicerae Folium Cum Caulis Japanese honeysuckle stem 忍冬 ニンドウ Lonicera japonica 1
Lycii Cortex wolfberry tree bark 地骨皮 ジコッピ Lycium chinense 2
Lycii Fructus wolfberry tree fruit 枸杞子 クコシ Lycium chinense 0
Magnoliae Cortex houpu magnolia bark 厚朴 コウボク Magnolia officinalis 12
Magnoliae Flos willow-leafed magnolia flower 辛夷 シンイ Magnolia salicifolia 2
Menthae Herba wild mint herb 薄荷 ハッカ Mentha arvensis 7
Mori Cortex white mulberry bark 桑白皮 ソウハクヒ Morus alba 2
Natrii Sulfus sodium sulfate 芒硝 ボウショウ 6
Nelumbis Semen sacred lotus seed 蓮肉 レンニク Nelumbo nucifera 2
Notopterygii Rhizoma notopterygium rhizome 羌活 キョウカツ Notopterygium incisum 3
Nupharis Rhizoma Japanese water lily rhizome 川骨 センコツ Nuphar japonicum 1
Ophiopogonis Rhizoma mondo grass rhizome 麦門冬 バクモンドウ Ophiopogon japonicus 11
Oryzae Semen rice seed 粳米 コウベイ Oryza sativa 2
Paeoniae Moutan Cortex tree peony bark 牡丹皮 ボタンピ Paeonia moutan 8
Paeoniae Radix Chinese peony root 芍薬 シャクヤク Paeonia lactiflora 44
Panacis Ginseng Radix ginseng root 人参 ニンジン Panax ginseng 37
Panacis Japonicus Japanese ginseng root 竹節人参 チクセツニンジン Panax japonicus 0
Perillae Herba shiso herb, beefsteak plant 蘇葉 ソヨウ Perilla frutescens 6
Persicae Semen peach kernel 桃仁 トウニン Prunus persica 6
Peucedani Radix peucedanum root 前胡 ゼンコ Peucedanum praeruptorum 1
Phellodendri Cortex cork-tree bark 黄柏 オウバク Phellodendron amurense 8
Pinelliae Rhizoma pinellia rhizome 半夏 ハンゲ Pinellia ternata 27
Plantaginis Semen Chinese plantain seed 車前子 シャゼンシ Plantago asiatica 4
Platycodi Radix Chinese bellflower root, balloon flower root 桔梗 キキョウ Platycodon grandiflorus 12
Polygalae Radix milkwort root, snakeroot 遠志 オンジ Polygala tenuifolia 3
Polygoni Multiflori Radix Chinese knotweed root 何首烏 カシュウ Reynoutria multiflora 1
Polyporus polyporus mushroom 猪苓 チョレイ Polyporus umbellatus 6
Poria tuckahoe mushroom 茯苓 ブクリョウ Poria cocos 46
Prunus armeniaca apricot kernel 杏仁 キョウニン Prunus armeniaca 9
Puerariae Radix kudzu root 葛根 カッコン Pueraria lobata 4
Quercus Cortex sawtooth oak bark 樸樕 ボクソク Quercus acutissima 2
Rehmanniae Radix Chinese foxglove root 地黄 ジオウ Rehmannia glutinosa 22
Rhei Rhizoma turkey rhubarb rhizome 大黄 ダイオウ Rheum palmatum 16
Saccharum Granorum ground sugar 膠飴 コウイ 0
Saposhnikoviae Radix saposhnikovia root 防風 ボウフウ Saposhnikovia divaricata 11
Sappan Lignum sappan wood shavings 蘇木 ソボク Caesalpinia sappan 1
Saussureae Radix saw-wort root, snow lotus root 木香 モッコウ Saussurea lappa 3
Schisandrae Fructus schisandra fruit 五味子 ゴミシ Schisandra chinensis 5
Schizonepetae Spica schizonepeta spikes 荊芥 ケイガイ Schizonepeta tenuifolia 8
Scutellariae Radix skullcap root 黄芩 オウゴン Scutellaria baicalensis 27
Sesami Semen sesame seed 胡麻 ゴマ Sesamum indicum 1
Sinomeni Caulis et Rhizoma orient vine rhizome 防已 ボウイ Sinomenium acutum 3
Sophorae Radix sophora root 苦参 クジン Sophora flavescens 2
Swertiae Herba swertia herb 当薬 トウヤク Swertia japonica 0
Talcum Crystallinum (Kadinum) talcum powder 滑石 カッセキ 4
Tetradii Fructus evodia fruit 呉茱萸 ゴシュユ Tetradium rutaecarpa 3
Tribuli Fructus puncture vine fruit 蒺藜子(2) シツリシ Tribulus terrestris 1
Trichosanthis Radix trichosanthes root 栝楼根 カロコン Trichosanthes kirilowii 2
Trichosanthis Semen trichosanthes seed 栝楼仁 カロニン Trichosanthes kirilowii 1
Tritici Semen wheat seed 小麦 ショウバク Triticum aestivum 1
Uncariae gambir gambier extract 阿仙薬 アセンヤク Uncaria gambir 0
Uncariae Uncis Cum Ramulus gambier extract 釣藤鈎 チョウトウコウ Uncaria rhynchophylla 4
Zanthoxyli Fructus Japanese pepper tree fruit 山椒 サンショウ Zanthoxylum piperitum 2
Zingiberis Rhizoma fresh ginger rhizome 生姜 ショウキョウ Zingiber officinale 51
Zingiberis Siccatum Rhizoma dried ginger rhizome 乾姜 カンキョウ Zingiber officinale 12
Zizyphi Fructus jujube fruit, Chinese date 大棗 タイソウ Ziziphus zizyphus 39
Zizyphi Spinosi Semen jujube seed, Chinese date seed 酸棗仁 サンソウニン Ziziphus zizyphus 3
  1. „Kampo Medicine: The Practice of Chinese Herbal Medicine in Japan“. www.itmonline.org. Qaraldi: 2021-yil 18-aprel.
  2. „RE: Kampo — Traditional Herbal Medicine of Japan“ (2007-yil 26-sentyabr). 2007-yil 26-sentyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2021-yil 18-aprel.
  3. „Tsumura & Co.: Leadership in Kampo Medicines“ (2006-yil 27-sentyabr). 2006-yil 27-sentyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 2021-yil 18-aprel.