Petaluridae

Petaluridae
Ilmiy tasniflash
Olam:	Eukariotlar
Tip:	Artropod
Sinf:	Hasharotlar
Oila:	Petaluridae
Urugʻ:	Ninachilar
Xalqaro ilmiy nomi
	Petaluridae Tillyard, 1917

Petaluridae (lat.) ninachilarning oilasiga mansub hasharot (Aeshnoidea, Anisoptera). Avstraliya, Yangi Zelandiya, Shimoliy va Janubiy Amerika va Yaponiya. Zamonaviy ninachilarning eng ibtidoiy oilasi^[1]. Qazilma turlari yura davridan (190 million yil) maʼlum^[2]^[3]^[4].

Petalura ingentissima (qanotlari 16 sm gacha) va Petalura gigantea (12 sm dan ortiq) kabi yirik aʼzolarni oʻz ichiga oladi, ularning lichinkalari botqoqlarning tubida va 10 yilgacha ehtimol undan koʻproq yil yashaydi. Petalura gigantea turi yoʻq boʻlib ketish arafasida va Yangi Janubiy Uelsning himoyalangan turlari roʻyxatiga kiritilgan (NSW tahdid ostidagi turlarni saqlash toʻgʻrisidagi qonun)^[2]^[3]^[4].

Tasniflash[tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash]

5 avlod va 10 ga yaqin tur^[5]:

Petalura Leach, 1815
- Petalura gigantea Leach, 1815
- Petalura hesperia Watson, 1958
- Petalura ingentissima Tillyard, 1908
- Petalura litorea Theischinger, 1999^[6]
- Petalura pulcherrima Tillyard, 1913
Phenes Rambur, 1842
- Phenes raptor Rambur, 1842 [syn. Phenes raptor centralis Jurzitza, 1989]
Tachopteryx Uhler in Selys, 1859
- Tachopteryx thoreyi (Hagen in Selys, 1858) [syn. Uropetala thoreyi Selys, 1858]
Tanypteryx Kennedy, 1917
- Tanypteryx hageni (Selys, 1879) [syn. Tachopteryx hageni Selys, 1879]
- Tanypteryx pryeri (Selys, 1889) [syn. Tachopteryx pryeri Selys, 1889]
Uropetala Selys, 1858
- Uropetala carovei (White, 1846) [syn. Petalura carovei White, 1846]
- Uropetala chiltoni Tillyard, 1921

Manbalar[tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash]

↑ Watson, J. A. L. Petalurids: most primitive living dragonflies^(ingl.) // Animals. — 1965. — Vol. 6. — P. 128-131. (photographs of adult, larva, larval exuviae, habitat, burrow)
↑ ^2,0 ^2,1 „Giant dragonfly - endangered species listing“ (inglizcha). Environment.nsw.gov.au (28-fevral 2011-yil). 18-aprel 2012-yilda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 8-sentabr 2013-yil.
↑ ^3,0 ^3,1 Baird, I. R. C. „The wetland habitats, biogeography and population dynamics of Petalura gigantea (Odonata: Petaluridae) in the Blue Mountains of New South Wales.“ (inglizcha). PhD thesis.. University of Western Sydney (2012). Qaraldi: 8-sentabr 2013-yil.
↑ ^4,0 ^4,1 „Giant Dragonfly (Petalura Gigantea)“ (inglizcha). 17-yanvar 2014-yilda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 8-sentabr 2013-yil.
↑ „World Odonata List“ (inglizcha). 28-avgust 2010-yilda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 8-sentabr 2013-yil.
↑ Theischinger G. A new species of Petalura Leach from south-eastern Queensland (Odonata: Petaluridae)^(ingl.) // Linzer biologische Beitrage. — 1999. — Vol. 31. — P. 159-166.

Adabiyotlar[tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash]

Arthington, A.H. & Watson, J.A.L. Dragonflies (Odonata) of coastal sand-dune fresh waters of south-eastern Queensland and north-eastern New South Wales. (angl.) // Australian Journal of Marine and Freshwater Research. — 1982. — Vol. 33. — P. 77-88. (distribution, habitat)
Davies D. A. L. The genus Petalura: field observations, habits and conservation status (Anisoptera : Petaluridae) (angl.) // Odonatologica. — 1998. — Vol. 27. — P. 287-305.
Donnelly T. W. Distribution of North American Odonata. Part I: Aeshnidae, Petaluridae, Gomphidae, Cordulegastridae (angl.) // Bulletin of American Odonatology. — 2004. — Vol. 7. — P. 61-90.
Nel A. & Bechly G. The third petalurid dragonfly from the lower cretaceous of Brazil (Odonata: Cretapetaluridae) (angl.) // Annales zoologici (Warszawa). — 2009. — Vol. 59. — P. 281-285.
Petrulevičius J. F. & Nel A. Oldest petalurid dragonfly (Insecta: Odonata): a Lower Cretaceous specimen from south Patagonia, Argentina (angl.) // Cretaceous Research. — 2003. — Vol. 24. — P. 31-34.
Watson, T. Dragonflies in Australia. (angl.) // Hemisphere. — 1982. — Vol. 27. — P. 124—128. (photograph of adult)
Winstanley W. J. An emergence study on Uropetala carovei carovei (Odonata: Petaluridae) near Wellington, New Zealand, with notes on the behaviour of the subspecies (angl.) // Tuatara (Wellington). — 1981. — Vol. 25. — P. 22-36.

Havolalar[tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash]

„Giant Dragonfly (Petalura Gigantea)“ (inglizcha). 17-yanvar 2014-yilda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 8-sentabr 2013-yil.

„Australian Faunal Directory: Petalura gigantea Leach, 1815“ (inglizcha). 2011-yil 2-aprelda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 8-sentabr 2013-yil.

„biolib.cz: Petalura gigantea Leach, 1815“ (inglizcha). Qaraldi: 8-sentabr 2013-yil.

„World Odonata List“ (inglizcha). 28-oktabr 2010-yilda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 8-sentabr 2013-yil.

[Watson19652-1] Watson, J. A. L. Petalurids: most primitive living dragonflies^(ingl.) // Animals. — 1965. — Vol. 6. — P. 128-131. (photographs of adult, larva, larval exuviae, habitat, burrow)

[environment-2] 2,0 ^2,1 „Giant dragonfly - endangered species listing“ (inglizcha). Environment.nsw.gov.au (28-fevral 2011-yil). 18-aprel 2012-yilda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 8-sentabr 2013-yil.

[Baird2012-3] 3,0 ^3,1 Baird, I. R. C. „The wetland habitats, biogeography and population dynamics of Petalura gigantea (Odonata: Petaluridae) in the Blue Mountains of New South Wales.“ (inglizcha). PhD thesis.. University of Western Sydney (2012). Qaraldi: 8-sentabr 2013-yil.

[uow-4] 4,0 ^4,1 „Giant Dragonfly (Petalura Gigantea)“ (inglizcha). 17-yanvar 2014-yilda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 8-sentabr 2013-yil.

[autogenerated1-5] „World Odonata List“ (inglizcha). 28-avgust 2010-yilda asl nusxadan arxivlangan. Qaraldi: 8-sentabr 2013-yil.

[Theischinger19992-6] Theischinger G. A new species of Petalura Leach from south-eastern Queensland (Odonata: Petaluridae)^(ingl.) // Linzer biologische Beitrage. — 1999. — Vol. 31. — P. 159-166.

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