Kasta

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Ushbu maqola ijtimoiy fenomen haqidadir. Kasta soʻzining boshqa maʼnolari uchun bu yerga qarang.

Kasta (lot. castus — „sof“) murakkab ijtimoiy tizim boʻlib, tabaqalanishni namoyon etadi. Kastalanishda endogamiya unsurlari kuzatiladi, kasb, ijtimoiy sinf, iyerarxiya, hukumat kabi sifatlar nasldan naslga oʻtkaziladi.[1][2][3][4] Boshqacha aytganda, kasta ijtimoiy qatlamlashishning yopiq shakli boʻlib, unga aʼzolik tugʻilish bilan belgilanadi va butun umr saqlanib qoladi; bolalar oʻz-oʻzidan ota-onasining kastasida boʻlib tugʻiladilar.[5]

Kasta tizimi biror tayinli dinga oid emas. Kastalar musulmon, xristian, hinduiy va buddist jamiyatlarda kuzatilgan.[1][6][7][8][9]

Manbalar [tahrir]

  1. ↑ 1.0 1.1 Gerald D. Berreman (1972). Race, Caste, and Other Invidious Distinctions in Social Stratification. University of California, Berkeley. doi:10.1177/030639687201300401. http://reserves.fcla.edu/rsv/NC/010015586-1.pdf. 
  2. ↑ Robert Merton (1979). The Sociology of Science: Theoretical and Empirical Investigations. University Of Chicago Press. ISBN 978-0-226-52092-6. 
  3. ↑ Auguste Comte (1858). The Positive Philosophy of Auguste Comte (translated by Martineau). Calvin Blanchard, 584–615. 
  4. ↑ David Heer (2005). Kingsley Davis: A biography and selections from his writings. Transactions Publishers. ISBN 0-7658-0267-8. 
  5. ↑ William A. Haviland (2010). Anthropology: The Human Challenge, 13th edition (see Chapter 22). Thomson Wadsworth. ISBN 978-0-495-81084-1).. 
  6. ↑ Tom Knox (10 June 2010). "The untouchables of FRANCE: How swarthy Pyrenean race persecuted for centuries are still being abused today". London: Daily Mail. http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1285450/The-untouchables-FRANCE-How-swarthy-Pyrenean-race-persecuted-centuries-abused-today.html#ixzz1nWbty2RC. 
  7. ↑ David Cahill (1994). "Colour by Numbers: Racial and Ethnic Categories in the Viceroyalty of Peru". Journal of Latin American Studies 26: 325–346. http://people.cohums.ohio-state.edu/ahern1/SpanishH680/secure/Cahill%20-%20colour%20by%20numbers,%2012%20pages.pdf. 
  8. ↑ Barth, Fredrik (1962). "The System Of Social Stratification In Swat, North Pakistan", in E. R. Leach: Aspects of Caste in South India, Ceylon, and North-West Pakistan. Cambridge University Press, 113. 
  9. ↑ Elijah Obinna (2012). "Contesting identity: the Osu caste system among Igbo of Nigeria". African Identities 10 (1): 111–121. doi:10.1080/14725843.2011.614412. 
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