Xalqaro sanskrit tiliga transliteratsiya qilish alifbosi
Navigatsiya qismiga oʻtish
Qidirish qismiga oʻtish
Xalqaro Sanskrit tiliga tarjima qilish alifbosi (XSTTQA), Sanskrit tili va boshqa hind tillari bilan birga keluvchi tarjima qilish sxemasi. XIX asrda paydo boʻlgan ushbu sxema, Charles Trevelyan, William Jones, Monier Monier-Williams va boshqa olimlarning takliflariga binoan 1894-yilning sentabrida Geneva Oryantal Kongresi'ning Transliteratsiya qoʻmitasi tomonidan rasmiylashtirilgan.[1]
Konvensiyalar[tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash]
| Devanāgarī | Transkripsiya | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| अ | a | A | monophthongs and syllabic liquids |
| आ | ā | Ā | |
| इ | i | I | |
| ई | ī | Ī | |
| उ | u | U | |
| ऊ | ū | Ū | |
| ऋ | ṛ | Ṛ | |
| ॠ | ṝ | Ṝ | |
| ऌ | ḷ | Ḷ | |
| ॡ | ḹ | Ḹ | |
| ए | e | E | diphthongs |
| ऐ | ai | Ai | |
| ओ | o | O | |
| औ | au | Au | |
| ं | ṃ | Ṃ | anusvara |
| ः | ḥ | Ḥ | visarga |
| ँ | ˜ | chandrabindu | |
| ऽ | ' | avagraha | |
| velarlar | palatallar | retroflexlar | dentallar | labiallar | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| क k K |
च c C |
ट ṭ Ṭ |
त t T |
प p P |
tenuis stops |
| ख kh Kh |
छ ch Ch |
ठ ṭh Ṭh |
थ th Th |
फ ph Ph |
aspirated stops |
| ग g G |
ज j J |
ड ḍ Ḍ |
द d D |
ब b B |
voiced stops |
| घ gh Gh |
झ jh Jh |
ढ ḍh Ḍh |
ध dh Dh |
भ bh Bh |
breathy-voiced stops |
| ङ ṅ Ṅ |
ञ ñ Ñ |
ण ṇ Ṇ |
न n N |
म m M |
nasal stops |
| ह h H |
य y Y |
र r R |
ल l L |
व v V |
approximants |
| श ś Ś |
ष ṣ Ṣ |
स s S |
sibilants |
Manbalar[tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash]
- ↑ Monier-Williams, MonierA Sanskrit-English Dictionary. Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1899. — s. xxx.
Havolalar[tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash]
- Reddy, Shashir „Shashir's Notes: Modern Transcription of Sanskrit“. Qaraldi: 2-dekabr 2016-yil.
- Stone, Anthony „Transliteration of Indic Scripts: How to use ISO 15919“ (deadlink). 14-aprel 2016-yilda asl nusxadan arxivlandi. Qaraldi: 2-dekabr 2016-yil.
Arxivlandi 2016-04-14 Wayback Machine saytida.
- Wujastyk, Dominik „Transliteration of Devanagari“. INDOLOGY (1996). 6-iyun 2007-yilda asl nusxadan arxivlandi. Qaraldi: 16-fevral 2019-yil.
Arxivlandi 2007-06-06 Wayback Machine saytida.
- Typing a macron - page from Penn State University about typing with accents
- International Phonetic Alphabet chart with pronunciation guide
- A visual chart which shows clearly 1. Which part of the mouth for each sound 2. The 3 groups where the 12 diacritics appear. - from Dina-Anukampana Das
- Sanskrit Pronunciation Tips for beginners & Simple Charts to help memorize where the diacritics fit in. - pages from Dina-Anukampana Das
- A pronunciation guide with chart and pronunciation tips. - from Dina-Anukampana Das
- IAST <==> Devanagari online converter (Transliteration tool)
- Sanskrit Transliteration Tool