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William Henry Vanderbilt

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William Henry Vanderbilt
Tavalludi 1821-yil 8-may
New Brunswick (New Jersey)
Vafoti 1885-yil 8-dekabr
Manhattan, AQSh
Fuqaroligi AQSh
Kasbi Nyu-York markaziy temir yo‘llarining egasi.
Bolalari Cornelius II, Margaret, Allen, William, Emily, Florence, Frederick, Eliza, va George II
Otasi Cornelius Vanderbilt
Onasi Sophia Johnson
Imzosi

William Henry Vanderbilt (1821-yil 8-may – 1885-yil 8-dekabr) amerikalik tadbirkor va Vanderbiltlar oilasining taniqli aʼzolaridan biri edi. William Henry Vanderbilt „Billi“ nomi bilan tanilgan. U Cornelius Vanderbiltning katta farzandi va uning boyligi merosxoʻri edi. Vanderbilt 1877-yilda otasining vafotidan soʻng barcha boylikni egallaydi. 1885-yil vafotigacha boylikning katta qismini xotini va bolalariga, xususan, oʻgʻillari Cornelius II va Williamlarga topshiradi. U otasidan deyarli 100 million dollar meros olgandi. Toʻqqiz yildan kamroq vaqt oʻtgach, Henry vafot etganida, uning boyligi ikki baravar koʻpaygandi.

Yoshlik yillari

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William Henry Vanderbilt 1821-yil 8-mayda New Brunswick shahrida magnat Cornelius Vanderbilt va Sophia Johnson oilasida tugʻilgan.

Otasi uni tez-tez koyib turgan. Cornelius Vanderbilt oʻgʻlini dangasa va ishga layoqatsiz deb koʻp marta tanqid qilgan. Henry otasiga oʻzining dangasa emasligini koʻrsatmoqchi boʻldi-yu, lekin buning uddasidan chiqolmadi. Ularning munosabatlaridagi katta burilish nuqtasi 1860-yil Vanderbilt paroxodida sodir boʻldi. Vanderbiltlar oilasi oʻshanda Yevropaga oilaviy sayohat qilish uchun ketishayotgandi. Ushbu sayohatdan soʻng Henry otasi bilan yaqin boʻla boshladi[1].

U 1841-yilda Kolumbiya kollejiga oʻqishga kirdi. Ammo ayrim maʼlumotlarga ishonadigan boʻlsak, u kollejni bitirmagan[2].

Karyerasi

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William Henry Vanderbiltning beshinchi avenyudagi saroyi

Otasi uning biznes boʻyicha mashgʻulotlarini diqqat bilan nazorat qilardi. Henry 19 yoshida Nyu-York bank uyida xizmatchi sifatida ilk ishini boshladi. U 1862-yilda Staten temir yoʻli prezidenti etib saylandi. Uch yildan soʻng Gudzon daryosi temir yoʻlining vitse-prezidenti ham boʻldi. 1877-yilda esa ushbu temir yoʻlning egasiga aylandi.

Ulysses S. Grant

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1884-yilda Grant & Ward firmasi kasodga uchrashi, Ulysses S. Grant va Vanderbiltlarning ushbu firma uchun kiritgan 150 000 dollar miqdoridagi sarmoya pullarining yoʻqotilishiga sababchi boʻldi. Napoleon sifatida tanilgan Ferdinand Ward Grantga ham, Vanderbiltga ham kompaniyani piramida usuli orqali boshqarish taklifini bergan. Bu esa koʻpchilik uchun moliyaviy halokatga olib kelgan. Uning ikkinchi sherigi oʻz oʻgʻli Buck Grant, Wardning moliyaviy piramidasidan bexabar edi. Keyinchalik Ward jinoiy javobgarlikka tortildi. Vanderbiltni qaytarish uchun Grant fuqarolar urushi yodgorliklarini va oʻz qilichini garovga qoʻydi. Garchi bu 150 000 dollarlik qarzni toʻliq qoplamagan boʻlsa-da, Vanderbilt yodgorliklarini toʻlov sifatida qabul qildi va Grantga tegishli boʻlgan ushbu qarzni oʻchirib tashladi. Keyinchalik Vanderbilt Grantning garovga qoʻygan urush yodgorliklarini qaytarib oldi va ularni 1885-yilda Ulysses S. Grantning vafotidan keyin uning rafiqasi Julia Grantga qaytardi.

Shaxsiy hayoti

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Maria Louisa Kissam, Vanderbiltning rafiqasi (1888-yil)

1841-yilda Henry Samuel Kissam va Margaret Hamilton Adamsning qizi Mariya Luiza Kissamga (1821-1896) uylandi. Ularning toʻqqizta farzandi bor edi:

  1. Cornelius Vanderbilt II (1843–1899), u Alice Claypoole Vanderbiltga uylangan; ular Reginald Claypoole Vanderbiltning ota-onasi, shuningdek, Gertrude Vanderbilt Whitney va Gloria Vanderbiltning ota tomondan bobosi va buvisi edi[3][4].
  2. Margaret Louisa Vanderbilt Shepard (1845-1924) 1868-yilda Elliott Fitch Shepardga turmushga chiqqan; ular Alice Vanderbilt Morris va Elliott Shepardning ota-onasi edi[5][6].
  3. Allen Uilyam Vanderbilt (1846-1847) 11 oyligida vafot etgan[7].
  4. William Kissam Vanderbilt (1849-1920) Alva Belmontga turmushga chiqqan[8].
  5. Emily Thorn Vanderbilt 1852-1946) avvaliga William Douglas Sloanega (1844-1915) va keyinchalik elchi Henry Whitega turmushga chiqqan[9].
  6. Florence Vanderbilt Twombly (1854–1952) Hamilton McKown Twombly bilan turmush qurgan[10][11].
  7. Frederick William Vanderbilt (1856-1938) Louise Vanderbiltga uylangan[12].
  8. Eliza Osgood Vanderbilt Webb (1860–1936) William Seward Webbga turmushga chiqqan[13][14].
  9. George Washington Vanderbilt II (1862–1914) Edith Stuyvesant Gerry bilan turmush qurgan[15][16].
William Henry dafn etilgan Staten orolidagi Vanderbilt oilaviy qabristoni va maqbarasi.

1883-yilda u kompaniyaning barcha lavozimlaridan isteʼfoga chiqdi va oʻgʻillarini prezidentlar etib tayinladi, ammo biznesning kundalik boshqaruvini avval oʻzi bilan birga ishlagan tajribali odamlarga qoldirdi.

Vanderbilt 1885-yil 8-dekabrda Nyu-Yorkning Manhattan shahrida Baltimor va Ogayo temir yoʻli prezidenti Robert Garrett bilan uchrashuv paytida insultdan vafot etdi[17]. U Nyu-Yorkning Staten Island orolidagi Nyu-Dorp shahrida oʻzi qurdirgan Vanderbilt oilaviy maqbarasida dafn qilindi. Uning mulki sakkizta omon qolgan farzandi va rafiqasi oʻrtasida taqsimlandi. Mulkining asosiy qismi esa uning ikki katta oʻgʻli Cornelius va William oʻtdi. Uning kenja oʻgʻli George oʻzining Staten Island saroyi va fermasini meros qilib oldi, keyinchlik uni Miller Field aviabazasiga aylantirdi[18] .

Manbalar

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  1. ↑ Stiles, T. J. (2010). "The First Tycoon: The Epic Life of Cornelius Vanderbilt. New York: Vintage Books. ISBN 9781400031740.
  2. ↑ Catalogue of Matriculants who Have Not Graduated, 1758-1897 (en). New York City: Columbia University, 1897 — 16 bet. 
  3. ↑ „Mrs. Vanderbilt Sr. Dies In Home At 89. Widow Of Financier, Long Ill. Was A Leader In Brilliant Era Of New York Society“ (1934-yil 23-aprel).
  4. ↑ „MR. CORNELIUS VANDERBILT DEAD; Succumbed Suddenly Yesterday to Cerebral Hemorrhage. DUE TO STROKE OF PARALYSIS Wife and Daughter Gladys Only Members of His Family With Him. He Had Come to This City on Monday from Newport to Attend a Railroad Meeting -- Funeral Services to be Held on Friday.“ (1899-yil 13-sentyabr). Qaraldi: 2017-yil 15-aprel.
  5. ↑ „Elliott F. Shepard Dead; He Expires at His Home After Taking Ether. Had Given No Indication of Serious Illness -- but Evidently Had the Possibility of Death in Mind -- His Family at His Bedside -- a Peculiarly Eccentric Character -- Politician, Editor, and Relig- Ious Enthusiast -- Often Amusing, but Always in Earnest.“. The New York Times (1893-yil 25-mart). Qaraldi: 2018-yil 18-yanvar.
  6. ↑ „MRS. SHEPARD OF A HEART ATTACK; Daughter of the Late William Vanderbilt Succumbs Suddenly in Fifth Avenue Apartment, WAS IN HER 79TH YEAR Had Attended the Wedding of Her Granddaughter, Louise Schleffelin, on Saturday.“ (1924-yil 4-mart). Qaraldi: 2018-yil 18-yanvar.
  7. ↑ Caratzas, Michael „Vanderbilt Mausoleum, Staten Island“. New York City Landmarks Preservation Commission (2016-yil 12-aprel). Qaraldi: 2022-yil 1-oktyabr.
  8. ↑ „W.K. VANDERBILT'S GIFTS.; House to Grandson, Marquis of Blandford.“ (1920-yil 29-yanvar). Qaraldi: 2017-yil 18-iyul.
  9. ↑ „MRS. HENRY WHITE DIES IN LENOX AT 94; Daughter of W.H. Vanderbilt, Widow of Envoy to Paris, Gave Sloane Hospital“ (1946-yil 29-iyul). Qaraldi: 2017-yil 21-iyul.
  10. ↑ „Ms. Twombly Dies In Home Here at 9:41. Daughter of W. H. Vanderbilt Was Last Surviving Grandchild of Commodore Vanderbilt“. Qaraldi: 2015-yil 13-sentyabr.
  11. ↑ „H. M'K. TWOMBLY, CAPITALIST, DEAD; Brother-in-Law of W. K. Vanderbilt Never Recovered from Shock of His Son's Death. DIRECTOR OF MANY ROADS His Death Occurred at Florham Park, His Beautiful Estate and Model Farm, Near Morristown, N. J.“ (en). The New York Times (1910-yil 12-yanvar). Qaraldi: 2017-yil 24-avgust.
  12. ↑ „F. W. Vanderbilt Dies in Hyde Park – Grandson of Founder of the Family Fortune – 61 Years on New York Central Board – Owner of Famous Yachts – Gifts to Hospitals, Colleges and Other Institutions Totaled Millions“ (1938-yil 30-iyun). Qaraldi: 2017-yil 18-sentyabr.
  13. ↑ Vanderbilt rehab a study in family memories, Chicago Tribune, May 01, 2005
  14. ↑ „DR. W. SEWARD WEBB DEAD IN VERMONT; Retired New York Capitalist Succumbs at Shelburne in His 76th Year. ONCE A RAILROAD BUILDER Husband of Former Eliza Osgood Vanderbilt Early Forsook Medicine for Finance.“ (1926-yil 30-oktyabr). Qaraldi: 2018-yil 19-may.
  15. ↑ „G. W. Vanderbilt Dies Suddenly. Seemed to be Recovering from Operation for Appendicitis When Heart Failed“ (1914-yil 7-mart). Qaraldi: 2011-yil 21-aprel. „George Washington Vanderbilt of New York died suddenly this afternoon at his Washington residence, 1,612 K Street. With him at the time were Mrs. Vanderbilt and their thirteen-year-old daughter, Miss Cornelia S. Vanderbilt.“.
  16. ↑ „Mrs. Peter G. Gerry“ (1958-yil 22-dekabr).
  17. ↑ „Wm. H. Vanderbilt Dead. He is Prostrated by Paralysis While Talking to Robert Jarrett, President of the Baltimore and Ohio Railroad, and Dies Without Speaking. His Vast Wealth Estimated at Two Hundred Millions.“ (1885-yil 9-dekabr). Qaraldi: 2008-yil 1-avgust. „William H. Vanderbilt died at his residence in this city, of paralysis, at half-past two o'clock this afternoon. He arose this morning at his usual hour, and at breakfast served to the members of the family, most of whom were present, he appeared to be in his usual health and in a more than usually happy frame of mind.“.
  18. ↑ Ferreri, James G.. „From farmland to air field to parkland in New Dorp“ (2010-yil 24-iyun). Qaraldi: 2022-yil 29-sentyabr. 
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