Vasishka
| Vasishka | |
|---|---|
| Kushon podsholigi | |
 | |
| Saltanat | 247–265-yillar |
| Oʻtmishdoshi | Kanishka II |
| Davomchisi | Kanishka III |
| Kushon imperatorlari mil.avv 30 – milodiy 350 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
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Vasishka (baqtriya tilida: BAZHÞKO Bazēško; oʻrta braxmi.
Vā-si-ṣka, Vāsiṣka; Kharoshthi: 𐨬𐨗𐨿𐨱𐨅𐨮𐨿𐨐 Va-jhe-ṣka, Vajheṣka[1]) milodiy 247—265-yillarda hukmronlik qilgan Kushon imperatori boʻlib, Kanishka IIdan keyin qisqa hukmronlik qilgan.
Hukmronligi[tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash]
Panjob hududidagi yozuvlar, shuningdek, Mathura (Isapur yozuvi) hududida topilgan yozuvlar Vasishka hukmronligi davri haqida muhim manbalar hisoblanadi[2]. Uning hukmronligi janubda Sanchigacha yetgan boʻlib, u yerda uning nomi bilan bogʻliq yozuvlar topilgan. Sanchi yozuvida yozilgan manbada uning hukmronligi 22 yil davom etgan deb qayd etilgan.
Tarixiy yozuvlar[tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash]
Vasishka nomi toʻrtta maʼlum yozuvlarda, jumladan, Indus hududidagi Kharoshti yozuvida uchraydi.
Sanchi Bodxisattava[tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash]
Sanchida Vasishka ismi qayd etilgan bir nechta haykallar va haykal parchalari topilgan[3]. Ulardan biri oʻtirgan Bodxisattva haykali hisoblanadi. Haykal Vasishkaning 28-yilgi hukmronligiga tegishli[4].
Hukmronligi[tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash]
Panjob hududidagi yozuvlar, shuningdek, Mathura (Isapur yozuvi) hududida topilgan yozuvlar Vasishka hukmronligi davri haqida muhim manbalar hisoblanadi[6]. Uning hukmronligi janubda Sanchigacha yetgan boʻlib, u yerda uning nomi bilan bogʻliq yozuvlar topilgan. Sanchi yozuvida yozilgan manbada uning hukmronligi 22 yil davom etgan deb qayd etilgan.
Tarixiy yozuvlar[tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash]
Vasishka nomi toʻrtta maʼlum yozuvlarda, jumladan, Indus hududidagi Kharoshti yozuvida uchraydi.
Sanchi Bodxisattava[tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash]
Sanchida Vasishka ismi qayd etilgan bir nechta haykallar va haykal parchalari topilgan[7]. Ulardan biri oʻtirgan Bodxisattva haykali hisoblanadi. Haykal Vasishkaning 28-yilgi hukmronligiga tegishli[8].
Sanchi poydevori[tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash]
Sanchida topilgan yana bir Mathura parchasi tik turgan Budda haykali poydevori hisoblanadi[9]. Yozuvda „22-yil Vaskushana“ deb yozilgan[10][11]. Kushonlar uslubiga xos belbogʻli uzun toʻnlarda, oʻtirgan Bodxisattva atrofida turgan ibodatchilarni koʻrish mumkin[12].
Ara yozuvi[tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash]
Vasishka haqida maʼlumotlar Kanishka IIIning „Ara yozuvi“da ham uchraydi. Ushbu yozuvda u Kanishkaning otasi (manabalar koʻra Kanishka III) sifatida qayd etilgan. Uning ismi Kharoshthida „Vajeshka“ sifatida koʻrsatilgan[13].
Tangalari[tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash]
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Vasishka tangalari avvalgilariga qaraganda kichikroq boʻlgan[14]. Uning tangalarining teskari tomonida paydo boʻlgan xudolar Huvishka va Vasudeva I tangalaridagilarga oʻxshaydi[14].
Adabiyotlar[tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash]
- „Ancient Indian Inscriptions“, S. R. Goyal, 2005
- „From Persepolis to the Punjab: Exploring Ancient Iran, Afghanistan and Pakistan“, Elizabeth Errington and Vesta Sarkhosh Curtis, 2007.
- The Crossroads of Asia: Transformation in Image and Symbol", Elizabeth Errington and Joe Cribb, 1992.
Manbalar[tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash]
- ↑ Konow, Sten, Kharoshṭhī Inscriptions with the Exception of Those of Aśoka, Corpus Inscriptionum Indicarum, Vol. II, Part I. Calcutta: Government of India Central Publication Branch, p. 163
- ↑ Rezakhani, Khodadad. From the Kushans to the Western Turks — 203 bet. 12-avgust 2023-yilda qaraldi.
- ↑ Mitra, dEBALA. Sanchi. Archeological survey of India, 2001 — 7 bet. 12-avgust 2023-yilda qaraldi.
- ↑ Kuraishi, Mohammad Hamid. Catalogue of the Museum of Archaeology at Sanchi, Bhopal State. Calcutta, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1922 — 29–32 bet.
- ↑ Marshall, Sir John. Monuments Of Sanchi Vol.1, 1902 — 386 bet.
- ↑ Rosenfield, John M.. The Dynastic Arts of the Kushans (en). University of California Press, 1967 — 57 bet.
- ↑ Mitra, Debala. Sanchi. Archeological Survey of India, 2001 — 7 Note 1 bet.
- ↑ Kuraishi, Mohammad Hamid. Catalogue of the Museum of Archaeology at Sanchi, Bhopal State. Calcutta, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1922 — 29–32 bet.
- ↑ Mitra, Debala. Sanchi. Archeological Survey of India, 2001 — 7 Note 1 bet. Mitra, Debala (2001). Sanchi. Archeological Survey of India. p. 7 Note 1.
- ↑ Dani, A. H.. History of Civilizations of Central Asia: The Development of Sedentary and Nomadic Civilizations, 700 B. C. to A (en). UNESCO, 1994 — 253 bet. ISBN 9789231028465.
- ↑ "He might have begun to rule even two years earlier if he can be identified with king Vaskushana(=Vasishka Kushana?) of a Sanchi record of the year22" Shashi, Shyam Singh. Encyclopaedia Indica: The Kushana Empire: government, society, and culture (en). Anmol Publications, 1999 — 23 bet. ISBN 9788170418597.
- ↑ Kuraishi, Mohammad Hamid. Catalogue of the Museum of Archaeology at Sanchi, Bhopal State. Calcutta, Superintendent Government Printing, India, 1922 — 29–32 bet. Kuraishi, Mohammad Hamid; Kak, Ram Chandra; Chanda, Ramaprasad; Marshall, John Hubert (1922). Catalogue of the Museum of Archaeology at Sanchi, Bhopal State. Calcutta, Superintendent Government Printing, India. pp. 29-32.
- ↑ Rosenfield, John M.. The Dynastic Arts of the Kushans (en). University of California Press, 1967 — 57 bet.
- ↑ 14,0 14,1 Rezakhani, Khodadad. From the Kushans to the Western Turks (en), 2017 — 203 bet. Rezakhani, Khodadad (2017). From the Kushans to the Western Turks. p. 203.