Turoniy irqi

Turoniylar irqi, dastlab yevropaliklar tomonidan mustamlakachilikni qoʻllab-quvvatlash uchun ishlab chiqilgan insoniyatni turli irqlarga boʻlishning hozirgi eskirgan modeli kontekstida Kavkaz irqining taxminiy kichik irqi edi^[1]. Turoniylar tipi anʼanaviy ravishda Markaziy Osiyoda tugʻilgan populyatsiyalar orasida eng keng tarqalgan hisoblanadi. Bu nom Ural va Oltoy oilalarining birikmasi boʻlgan Turon tillari nomidan olingan, shuning uchun Ural-Oltoy irqi atamasi deb ham ataladi^[2].

Tarixi[tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash]

19-asr va 20-asr boshlarida antropologlar moʻgʻuloid va kavkazoid irqlarining tarqalish chegarasida joylashgan bir qancha mongoloid aralashmalari boʻlgan kavkazoid irqining kichik turi sifatida Turon irqiy tipi yoki “kichik irq” mavjudligini aniqladilar^[3]^[4].

Turoniylar irqi haqidagi gʻoya 19-asr oxiri — 20-asrlarda panturkizm yoki turonizmda qandaydir ahamiyatga ega boʻlgan rol oʻynadi. Oʻsha davr Yevropa adabiyotida kavkazoid kichik tip sifatida „turk irqi“ nomi taklif qilingan.

Ushbu manbalarning eng muhimlari Jozef de Guignesning (1721—1800)Histoire Générale des Huns, des Turcs, des Mongols, et autres Tartares Occidentaux (1756—1758) va Arminiy Vamberining "Oʻrta Osiyo eskizlari" (1867)dir. Turkiy guruhlarning bir irqga mansub umumiy kelib chiqishi boʻlgan, lekin jismoniy xususiyatlari va urf-odatlariga koʻra boʻlingan. Leon Kahunning L'histoire de l'Asie (1896) asarida turklarni „sivilizatsiyani Yevropaga olib borish“dagi roli taʼkidlangan, „Turoniylar irqi“ning bir qismi sifatida Ural va Oltoy tillarida soʻzlashuvchi xalqlar deb tariflangan^[5]. 19-asrning ikkinchi yarmi va 20-asrning birinchi yarmida eng jonli venger turanizmi mafkurasi ham mavjud edi.

Manbalar[tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash]

↑ For the model of dividing humanity into races, see American Association of Physical Anthropologists. „AAPA Statement on Race and Racism“. American Association of Physical Anthropologists (27-mart 2019-yil). — „Instead, the Western concept of race must be understood as a classification system that emerged from, and in support of, European colonialism, oppression, and discrimination.“. Qaraldi: 19-iyun 2020-yil.
↑ Coon. „The Races of Europe“.
↑ Simpson, George Eaton. Racial and cultural minorities: an analysis of prejudice and discrimination, Environment, development, and public policy. Springer, 1985 — 32 bet. ISBN 0-306-41777-4.
↑ „Physical: Avars and Ancient Hungarians. Pal Liptak“. American Anthropologist. 86-jild, № 3. Washington, D.C: American Anthropological Association, Anthropological Society of Washington. 1984. 741-bet. doi:10.1525/aa.1984.86.3.02a00530.
↑ z Kibris, Gülden. Creating Turkishness: An Examination of Turkish Nationalism through Gök-Börü. Sabanci University, 2005. 2007-yil 5-dekabrda qaraldi. (Wayback Machine saytida 2010-01-19 sanasida arxivlangan)

[1] For the model of dividing humanity into races, see American Association of Physical Anthropologists. „AAPA Statement on Race and Racism“. American Association of Physical Anthropologists (27-mart 2019-yil). — „Instead, the Western concept of race must be understood as a classification system that emerged from, and in support of, European colonialism, oppression, and discrimination.“. Qaraldi: 19-iyun 2020-yil.

[2] Coon. „The Races of Europe“.

[3] Simpson, George Eaton. Racial and cultural minorities: an analysis of prejudice and discrimination, Environment, development, and public policy. Springer, 1985 — 32 bet. ISBN 0-306-41777-4.

[4] „Physical: Avars and Ancient Hungarians. Pal Liptak“. American Anthropologist. 86-jild, № 3. Washington, D.C: American Anthropological Association, Anthropological Society of Washington. 1984. 741-bet. doi:10.1525/aa.1984.86.3.02a00530.

[5] z Kibris, Gülden. Creating Turkishness: An Examination of Turkish Nationalism through Gök-Börü. Sabanci University, 2005. 2007-yil 5-dekabrda qaraldi. (Wayback Machine saytida 2010-01-19 sanasida arxivlangan)

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