Qon guruhlari
Qon guruhi — eritrotsitlarning individual antigen xarakteristikalarining tavsifidir. Bu eritrotsitlar membranasidagi uglevod va oqsillarning kimyoviy tarkibi orqali aniqlanadi.
Odamda antigenlarning bir necha tizimi aniqlangan, ulardan asosiylari ushbu maqolada yoritilgan.
Qon guruhlari tipologiyasi[tahrir]
AB0 tizimi[tahrir]
- α va β: birinchi (0)
- A va β: ikkinchi (A)
- α va B: uchinchi (B)
- A va B: toʻrtinchi (AB)
| Retsipiyent | Donor | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0(I)Rh− | 0(I)Rh+ | B(III)Rh− | B(III)Rh+ | A(II)Rh− | A(II)Rh+ | AB(IV)Rh− | AB(IV)Rh+ | |
| AB(IV)Rh+ | X | X | X | X | X | X | X | X |
| AB(IV)Rh− | X | X | X | X | ||||
| A(II)Rh+ | X | X | X | X | ||||
| A(II)Rh− | X | X | ||||||
| B(III)Rh+ | X | X | X | X | ||||
| B(III)Rh− | X | X | ||||||
| 0(I)Rh+ | X | X | ||||||
| 0(I)Rh− | X | |||||||
Plazma mosligi[tahrir]
| Donor qonining tipi | Retsipiyent boʻlishi mumkin | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| AB | AB | |||
| A | A yoki AB | |||
| B | B yoki AB | |||
| O | Istalgan qon tipi | |||
Qon guruhi haqidagi maʼlumotlarning qoʻllanishi[tahrir]
Qon quyish[tahrir]
Mos kelmagan guruhni qonini quyish immunologik reaksiya, eritrotsitlarning yopishishi (agregatsiya)ga olib keladi. Bu esa oʻz navbatida gemolitik anemiya, buyraklardagi yetishmovchilik, shok va vafotga sababchi boʻladi.
Qon guruhi haqida maʼlumotlar ayrim davlatlarda pasportlarga kiritiladi, harbiylarda ular kiyimga yozilishi mumkin.
ABO va Rh guruhlarining turli davlatlarda taqsimlanishi[tahrir]
| Davlat | O+ | A+ | B+ | AB+ | O− | A− | B− | AB− |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Avstraliya[1] | 40% | 31% | 8% | 2% | 9% | 7% | 2% | 1% |
| Belgiya[2] | 38% | 34% | 8.5% | 4.1% | 7% | 6% | 1.5% | 0.8% |
| Kanada[3] | 39% | 36% | 7.6% | 2.5% | 7% | 6% | 1.4% | 0.5% |
| Daniya[4] | 35% | 37% | 8% | 4% | 6% | 7% | 2% | 1% |
| Finlandiya[5] | 27% | 38% | 15% | 7% | 4% | 6% | 2% | 1% |
| Fransiya[6] | 36% | 37% | 9% | 3% | 6% | 7% | 1% | 1% |
| Gonkong, Xitoy[7] | 40% | 26% | 27% | 7% | <0.3% | <0.3% | <0.3% | <0.3% |
| Janubiy Quriya[8] | 27.4% | 34.4% | 26.8% | 11.2% | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.1% | 0.05% |
| Niderlandlar[9] | 39.5% | 35% | 6.7% | 2.5% | 7.5% | 7% | 1.3% | 0.5% |
| Polsha[10] | 31% | 32% | 15% | 7% | 6% | 6% | 2% | 1% |
| Shvetsiya[11] | 32% | 37% | 10% | 5% | 6% | 7% | 2% | 1% |
| Buyuk Britaniya[12] | 37% | 35% | 8% | 3% | 7% | 7% | 2% | 1% |
| AQSh [13] | 38% | 34% | 9% | 3% | 7% | 6% | 2% | 1% |
Irimlar[tahrir]
Yaponiyada qon guruhi xarakterni belgilaydi degan fikr keng yoyilgan. Qon guruhi haqidagi savolni hattoki ishga qabul qilishayotganda berishligi mumkin.
Manbalar[tahrir]
- ↑ Blood Types - What Are They?, Australian Red Cross
- ↑ Rode Kruis Wielsbeke - Blood Donor information material
- ↑ Types & Rh System, Canadian Blood Services
- ↑ Frequency of major blood groups in the Danish population.
- ↑ Suomalaisten veriryhmäjakauma
- ↑ Les groupes sanguins (système ABO). Centre Hospitalier Princesse GRACE - Monaco (French). C.H.P.G. MONACO (2005). 2006-12-27.
- ↑ Blood Donation, Hong Kong Red Cross
- ↑ Statistics on annual blood donations 2002-2005, Gyung Nam Blood Center
- ↑ Blood bank Sanquin - Blood Donor information material
- ↑ Regionalne Centrum Krwiodawstwa i Krwiolecznictwa we Wrocławiu
- ↑ Frequency of major blood groups in the Swedish population.
- ↑ Frequency of major blood groups in the UK.
- ↑ Census CounterParts.