Manfiy teskari bog'lanish

Tizim, jarayon yoki mexanizm chiqishining ba'zi funksiyalari kirishga uzatilganda, kirishdagi o'zgarishlar yoki boshqa buzilishlar natijasida kelib chiqadigan chiqishdagi buzilishlarni kamaytiradigan tarzda qayta uzatilsa, bunda Manfiy teskari bog'lanish (yoki muvozanatlashtiruvchi teskari bog'lanish ) vujudga kelgan hisoblanadi.

Musbat teskari aloqa eksponensial o'sish, tebranish yoki tartibsiz xatti-harakatlar sababli beqarorlikka olib kelsa, manfiy teskari bog'lanish odatda barqarorlikka yordam beradi. Manfiy teskari bog'lanish muvozanatni tiklashga yordam beradi va buzilishlar ta'sirini kamaytiradi.

Manfiy teskari bog'lanish mexanik va elektron muhandislik, shuningdek tirik organizmlarda keng qo'llaniladi^[1] ^[2]. Uni kimyo va iqtisoddan tortib, iqlim kabi fizik sistemalargacha bo'lgan boshqa ko'plab sohalarda ko'rish mumkin.

Manfiy teskari bog'lanishli kuchaytirgich[tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash]

Manfiy teskari bog'lanishli kuchaytirgich 1927 yilda Bell laboratoriyalarida Garold Stiven Blek tomonidan ixtiro qilingan va 1937 yilda patentlangan (AQSh patenti 2,102,671) ^[3] "1928 yil 8 avgust. 298,155-sonli arizaning davomi. . ." ). ^[4] ^[5]

Kuchaytirgichlarda teskari bog'lanishning ko'plab afzalliklari mavjud. ^[6] Dizaynda teskari bog'lanish turi va miqdori turli natijalarni yaxshilash va optimallashtirish nuqtai nazaridan tanlanadi.

Kuchaytirgichlarda kuchlanish bo'yicha manfiy teskari bog'lanishning afzalliklari

U chiziqli bo'lmagan buzilishlarni kamaytiradi, ya'ni yuqori aniqlikka ega.
U zanjir barqarorligini oshiradi: ya'ni tashqi muhit harorati, chastotasi va signal amplitudasida o'zgarishlar bo'lsa-da, kuchaytirish koeffitsienti stabil saqlanadi.
U chastotaviy diapazonni biroz oshiradi.
U kirish va chiqish natijaviy kompleks qarshiligini o'zgartiradi.
Garmonik, faza, amplituda va chastota buzilishlarining barchasini sezilarli darajada kamaytiradi.
Shovqinni sezilarli darajada kamaytiradi.

Rasmda manfiy teskari bog'lanishli kuchaytirgichining soddalashtirilgan blok diagrammasi ko'rsatilgan.

Teskari bog'lanishli kuchaytirgichning umumiy (yopiq sikl uchun) kuchaytirish koeffitsientining miqdori:

{\frac {O}{I}}={\frac {A}{1+\beta A}}\approx {\frac {1}{\beta }}\ ,

↑ W. Ross Ashby „Chapter 12: The error-controlled regulator“,. Introduction to cybernetics. Chapman & Hall Ltd.; Internet (1999), 1957 — 219–243 bet.
↑ Robert E. Ricklefs „§6.1 Homeostasis depends upon negative feedback“,. Ecology. Macmillan, 2000 — 92 bet. ISBN 9780716728290.
↑ Black. „U.S. Patent 2,102,671: Wave Translation System“. www.eepatents.com (1937-yil 21-dekabr). 2014-yil 6-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan.
↑ James E Brittain (February 2011). "Electrical engineering hall of fame: Harold S Black". Proceedings of the IEEE 99 (2): 351–353. doi:10.1109/jproc.2010.2090997. http://www.ieee.org/documents/proc_scanpast0211.pdf.
↑ CA Desoer (August 1984). "In Memoriam: Harold Stephen Black". IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control AC-29 (8): 673–674. doi:10.1109/tac.1984.1103645.
↑ Santiram Kal „§6.3 Advantages of negative feedback amplifiers“,. Basic electronics: Devices, circuits and its fundamentals. PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd, 2009 — 193 ff bet. ISBN 9788120319523.
↑ Marc Thomson „Figure 11-4: Classical single input, single output control loop“,. Intuitive Analog Circuit Design. Newnes, 2006. ISBN 9780080478753.

[Ashby-1] W. Ross Ashby „Chapter 12: The error-controlled regulator“,. Introduction to cybernetics. Chapman & Hall Ltd.; Internet (1999), 1957 — 219–243 bet.

[Ricklefs-2] Robert E. Ricklefs „§6.1 Homeostasis depends upon negative feedback“,. Ecology. Macmillan, 2000 — 92 bet. ISBN 9780716728290.

[3] Black. „U.S. Patent 2,102,671: Wave Translation System“. www.eepatents.com (1937-yil 21-dekabr). 2014-yil 6-oktyabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan.

[Brittain-4] James E Brittain (February 2011). "Electrical engineering hall of fame: Harold S Black". Proceedings of the IEEE 99 (2): 351–353. doi:10.1109/jproc.2010.2090997. http://www.ieee.org/documents/proc_scanpast0211.pdf.

[Desoer-5] CA Desoer (August 1984). "In Memoriam: Harold Stephen Black". IEEE Transactions on Automatic Control AC-29 (8): 673–674. doi:10.1109/tac.1984.1103645.

[Kal1-6] Santiram Kal „§6.3 Advantages of negative feedback amplifiers“,. Basic electronics: Devices, circuits and its fundamentals. PHI Learning Pvt. Ltd, 2009 — 193 ff bet. ISBN 9788120319523.

[Thompson-7] Marc Thomson „Figure 11-4: Classical single input, single output control loop“,. Intuitive Analog Circuit Design. Newnes, 2006. ISBN 9780080478753.

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