Koplik dog'lari
Koplik dog'lari (Koplik belgisi) qizamiqning prodromik virusli enantemasi bo'lib, qizamiq toshmasidan ikki-uch kun oldin namoyon bo'ladi. Ular lunj shilliq qavatida (pastki 1 va 2- molyar tishlarga qarama-qarshi) to'p-to'p bo'lib joylashadi, oq rangli atrofi qizil halqa bilan o'ralgan zararlanishlar sifatida tavsiflanadi. Qizamiq kasalligini erta tashxislash uchun xos belgi hisoblanadi.[2] Koplik dog'larining darslikdagi tavsifi nekroz, neytrofil ekssudat va neovaskulyarizatsiya bilan ajralib turadigan shilliq qavatdagi dog'lardir. [3] Ular "qizil fondagi tuz donalari" [1] kabi ko'rinadi va makulopapulyar toshma paydo bo'lishi bilan tez-tez so'na boshlaydi. Ularning diagnostik ahamiyati bilan bir qatorda epidemiyalarni nazorat qilishda ham muhim ahamiyatga ega. Tashxis qo'yilgan vaqtida, ular maksimal infeksiyalanishdan oldin paydo bo'lishi kelajakdagi kontaktlarni izolyatsiya qilish imkonini beradi va bu o'ta yuqumli kasallik bilan kurashishga katta yordam beradi. [4]
Qizamiq virusini birinchi bo'lib ajratgan Nobel mukofoti laureati Jon F. Enders va Tomas Piblez Koplik dog'lari ko'rsatilgan bemorlardan o'z namunalarini ehtiyotkorlik bilan yig'ishgan. [5]
Tarixi[tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash]
Koplik dog'lari amerikalik pediatr Genri Koplik (1858-1927) sharafiga nomlangan, u 1896 yilda ularning qisqacha tavsifini e'lon qilib, ularning teri toshmasidan oldingi ko'rinishini va qizamiq bilan xato qilish mumkin bo'lgan kasalliklarning differentsial tashxisidagi ahamiyatini ta'kidlagan. [4] [6] U dog'lar bo'yicha yana ikkita maqola chop etdi, shu jumladan rangli rasmli. [7] Koplikning "Chaqaloq va bolalar kasalliklari" asarining anonim sharhlovchisi tasvirni "hozirgi mashhur rangli plastinka" deb ataydi. [8]
Manbalar[tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash]
Qo'shimcha o'qish[tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash]
- Steichen, O; Dautheville, S (Mar 3, 2009). "Koplik spots in early measles.". CMAJ: Canadian Medical Association Journal 180 (5): 583. doi:10.1503/cmaj.080724. PMID 19255085. PMC 2645467. //www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2645467.
Tashqi havolalar[tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash]
- Erta qizamiqdagi Koplik dog'lari - Kanada Tibbiyot Assotsiatsiyasi jurnali
- ↑ 1,0 1,1 "Koplik spots in early measles". CMAJ 180 (5): 583. 2009. doi:10.1503/cmaj.080724. ISSN 0820-3946. PMID 19255085. PMC 2645467. //www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=2645467. Manba xatosi: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "Steichen" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ "Images in clinical medicine. Koplik's spots". N. Engl. J. Med. 354 (7): 740. February 2006. doi:10.1056/NEJMicm050576. PMID 16481641.
- ↑ Robbins and Cotran. "Infectious Diseases." Pathologic Basis of Disease. 7th ed. 2005. Print.
- ↑ 4,0 4,1 Baxby, Derrick (July 1997). "Classic Paper: The diagnosis of the invasion of measles from a study of the exanthema as it appears on the buccal mucous membrane". Reviews in Medical Virology 7 (2): 71–74. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1099-1654(199707)7:2<71::AID-RMV185>3.0.CO;2-S. PMID 10398471. Manba xatosi: Invalid
<ref>tag; name "baxby" defined multiple times with different content - ↑ Enders, J.F.; Peebles, T.C. (1954). "Propagation in tissue culture of cytopathogenic agents from patients with measles". Proc. Soc. Exp. Biol. Med. 86 (2): 277–86. doi:10.3181/00379727-86-21073. PMID 13177653.
- ↑ Koplik, H (1896). "The diagnosis of the invasion of measles from a study of the exanthema as it appears on the buccal mucous membrane". Arch Pediatr 13: 918–22.
- ↑ Koplik, Henry (1899). "the new diagnostic spots of measles on the buccal and labial mucous membranes". Med. News, (NY) 74: 673–6.
- ↑ Anon (1903). "Review; The Diseases of Infancy and Childhood, by Henry Koplik". Lancet 162 (4171): 389–390. doi:10.1016/s0140-6736(00)67711-5.