Azaliya Emma Pit

Vikipediya, ochiq ensiklopediya
Azalia Emma Peet
Tavalludi 1887 yil, 3 sentabr
Nyu York, Webster
Vafoti 1973 yil, 23 sentabr
Asheville, Shimoliy Karolina
Kasbi Tarbiyachi, missioner

Azaliya Emma Pit (1887-yil, 3-sentyabr - 1973-yil, 21-sentabr, ) Yaponiyadagi amerikalik missioner oʻqituvchi edi. Ikkinchi Jahon urushi paytida u yapon amerikaliklarining qamoqqa olinishiga qarshi chiqqan "yakka o'zi muxolifatchi" , "kam sonli oq tanli amerikaliklardan biri" edi [1][2]. U talabalarga Aydaxo va Oregondagi internirlash lagerlarida dars bergan.

Erta hayot va ta'lim[tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash]

Pit Nyu-Yorkning, Webster shahrida tug'ilgan [3], Jeyms Klinton Pit va Marion Kiler Grin Pitning qizi [4]. 1910 yilda, Smit kollejini tamomlagan; kollejda u Smitning birinchi osiyolik talabasi Tei Ninomiya bilan birga "Sharq jamiyati" a'zosi edi [5]. U 1920-yillarning boshlarida, taʼtil paytida Boston universitetida aspiranturada oʻqigan va 1923 yilda, magistrlik darajasini olgan [6]. Uning magistrlik dissertatsiyasi nomi "Amerika mehnat qonunchiligining yapon ayollari va bolalarining sanoat hayotiga tatbiq etilishi" (1923) edi .

Karyera[tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash]

Pit 1916 yilda [7], beva qolgan onasi qayta turmushga chiqqanidan keyin, missioner boʻldi va Metodist Episkop cherkovining Genese konferentsiyasi homiyligida Tokioga suzib ketdi [8]. U 1917 yildan 1921 yilgacha, Kagosimadagi bolalar bog'chasidan o'rta maktabgacha bo'lgan maktablarda ishlagan [9]. 1923 yildan 1927 yilgacha, u Fukuokadagi yotoqxonada ayollar va qizlarga dars berib, ularni oliy ma'lumotga tayyorladi. Ayollarning xorijiy missionerlik jamiyati Fukuokadagi Pitga pianino sotib oldi va jo'natdi [10]. 1927 yilda, u Hakodate shahridagi ikkita bolalar bog'chasiga rahbarlik qildi. U 1928- yildan 1929- yilgacha, sog'lig'i sababli Qo'shma Shtatlarda ta'tilga chiqdi. 1929-yildan 1935-yilgacha va 1936-yildan 1941-yilgacha, u Yaponiyada, Ikkinchi Jahon urushigacha, boshqa Amerika fuqarolari bilan birga evakuatsiya qilinganida, yana o'qituvchilik qildi [6][11].

Qo'shma Shtatlarda, u Oregondagi yapon immigrant oilalari va talabalari bilan ishlagan. U Milliy mudofaa migratsiyasini tergov qiluvchi Vakillar palatasi tanlov qo‘mitasi oldida guvohlik berib [12], G‘arbiy sohildagi yapon va yapon-amerikaliklarning qamoqqa olinishiga qarshiligini bildirdi [13]. "Ularni evakuatsiya qilish zarurati nimada ? " - deb so'radi u qo'mitadan. "Ular biror narsa qilishdimi ? Ularning tarixida bu sohada bir kechada rivojlanishidan qo'rqishni oqlaydigan biror narsa bormi [14][15]? Buddist olim Dunkan Ryuken Uilyams ta'kidlanganidek," Pit kabi ilg'or nasroniylar bir nechta muxolif ovozlar orasida edilar ", dedi buddist olim Dunkan Ryuken Uilyams.Tarixchi Ellen Eyzenberg, boshqa shaharlardagi ruhoniylardan farqli o'laroq, "Pit hech qanday tashkiliy yordamsiz, shaxs sifatida gapirganini" kuzatdi.

" Pit kabi progressiv nasroniylar bir nechta muxolif ovozlar orasida edi

Foydali til, pedagogik va madaniy ko'nikmalarga ega bo'lgan boshqa sobiq missionerlar singari, Pit Oregon shtatining Nissa va Minidoka, Aydaxo shaharlaridagi [16] lagerlarida ishlagan, asosan o'smir talabalarni kollejga tayyorlashda qo'llab-quvvatlagan [17]. U 1946 yildan 1953 yilgacha, urushdan keyingi qayta qurish ishlariga yordam berish uchun Yaponiyaga qaytib keldi [6]. U umrbod xizmat qilgani uchun 1953 yilda, Yaponiya hukumati tomonidan “Muqaddas xazina” ordeni (5-darajali) bilan taqdirlangan [3][6].

Nashrlar[tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash]

  • "Pinaforlar va qirol qizlari" (1919) [18]
  • "Sadoqat kundaliklaridan parchalar" (1935) [19]

Shaxsiy hayot[tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash]

Pit missiya sohasidan, nafaqaga chiqqanidan keyin Nyu-Yorkning Rochester shahrida, yashagan [20]. U 1961 yilda, Shimoliy Karolina shtatining Asheville shahridagi qariyalar uyiga ko'chib o'tdi. U 1973 yilda, 86 yoshida vafot etdi. Uning hujjatlari, jumladan fotosuratlar, kundaliklar [21] va yozishmalar Smit kollejida [6].

Ma'lumotnomalar[tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash]

  1. Tamura, Linda. Nisei Soldiers Break Their Silence: Coming Home to Hood River (en). University of Washington Press, 2012-12-15 — 44-45 bet. ISBN 978-0-295-80446-0. 
  2. Park, John. The Nation and Its Peoples: Citizens, Denizens, Migrants (en). Routledge, 2014-02-03 — 61 bet. ISBN 978-1-135-10369-9. 
  3. 3,0 3,1 „Well Known Websterites“ (en). The Webster Museum. Qaraldi: 2022-yil 6-noyabr.
  4. „J. C. Peet Dies in Homestead Near Webster“. Democrat and Chronicle (1940-yil 10-iyun), s. 12. Qaraldi: 2022-yil 6-noyabr.
  5. Smith College. Class of 1910 Classbook, 1910 — 91 bet. 
  6. 6,0 6,1 6,2 6,3 6,4 „Collection: Azalia Emma Peet papers“. Smith College Finding Aids. Qaraldi: 2022-yil 6-noyabr.
  7. „Going to Japan to Teach in Mission“. The Oregon Daily Journal (1916-yil 4-sentyabr), s. 15. Qaraldi: 2022-yil 6-noyabr.
  8. „To Address Women“. Star-Gazette (1936-yil 30-aprel), s. 15. Qaraldi: 2022-yil 6-noyabr.
  9. „Newark Young Woman Stars for Japan to Aid Factory Workers“. Democrat and Chronicle (1923-yil 3-avgust), s. 23. Qaraldi: 2022-yil 6-noyabr.
  10. "Mehlin Piano Shipped to Japan". Music Trades 65: 11. June 30, 1923. https://books.google.com/books?id=p5lQAAAAYAAJ&pg=RA25-PA11&dq=Azalia+Emma+Peet&hl=en&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&sa=X&ved=2ahUKEwiEkYWe3pn7AhVhLUQIHflrDqUQ6AF6BAgDEAI#v=onepage&q=Azalia%20Emma%20Peet&f=false. 
  11. Crowley, Mark J.. Women's Experiences of the Second World War: Exile, Occupation and Everyday Life (en). Boydell & Brewer, 2021 — 15-16 bet. ISBN 978-1-78327-587-8. 
  12. United States Congress House Select Committee Investigating National Defense Migration. National Defense Migration: Hearings Before the Select Committee Investigating National Defense Migration, House of Representatives, Seventy-seventh Congress, First[-second Session, Pursuant to H. Res. 113, a Resolution to Inquire Further Into the Interstate Migration of Citizens, Emphasizing the Present and Potential Consequences of the Migration Caused by the National Defense Program. Pt. 11-[34].] (en). U.S. Government Printing Office, 1941 — 11386-11387 bet. 
  13. Shaffer, Robert (1999). "Opposition to Internment: Defending Japanese American Rights during World War II". The Historian 61 (3): 597–619. ISSN 0018-2370. https://www.jstor.org/stable/24449883. 
  14. Eisenberg, Ellen (2003). ""As Truly American as Your Son": Voicing Opposition to Internment in Three West Coast Cities" (en). Oregon Historical Quarterly 104 (4): 542–565. doi:10.1353/ohq.2003.0012. ISSN 2329-3780. https://muse.jhu.edu/article/831676. 
  15. „World War II - The "Japanese Question" Confronts the State“. State of Oregon. Qaraldi: 2022-yil 6-noyabr.
  16. Fowler, Mary. „Women in the Church“. The Lamar Democrat (1944-yil 7-iyun), s. 1. Qaraldi: 2022-yil 6-noyabr.
  17. Hessel, Beth Shalom. "Exiles Serving Exiles on the Homefront: Protestant Missionary Workers and Japanese Americans." Women's Experiences of the Second World War: Exile, Occupation and Everyday Life (2021): 11.
  18. Peet, Azalia Emma (September 1919). "Pinafores and the King's Daughters". Woman's Missionary Friend: 312-315. https://books.google.com/books?id=Y6zNAAAAMAAJ&newbks=1&newbks_redir=0&dq=Azalia%20Emma%20Peet&pg=PA312#v=onepage&q=Azalia%20Emma%20Peet&f=false. 
  19. Peet, Azalia E. (March 1935). "Fragments of a Devotional Diary". Woman's Missionary Friend 68 (3): 90-92. https://archive.org/details/womansmissionary6870unse/page/n79/mode/2up?q=Azalia+Emma+Peet. 
  20. „Smith Alumnae Map Picnic“. Democrat and Chronicle (1954-yil 30-may), s. 55. Qaraldi: 2022-yil 6-noyabr.
  21. Rosenzweig, Linda W.. Another Self: Middle-class American Women and Their Friends in the Twentieth Century (en). NYU Press, 1999 — 58-59 bet. ISBN 978-0-8147-7486-1. 

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