Ernest Xeminguey uyi sahifasining manbasini koʻrish

'''Ernest Xeminguey uyi''' 1930-yillarda amerikalik yozuvchi [[Ernest Hemingway|Ernest Xemingueyning]] yashash joyi edi. Uy [[Florida|Florida shtatidagi]] [[Key West]] orolida joylashgan. U 907 Uaytxed ko'chasi, Key West Lighthouse qarshisida, orolning janubiy qirg'og'iga yaqin. Xeminguey nomi bilan bog'liqligi sababli hozirda ushbu joy Key Westdagi eng mashhur sayyohlik maskani hisoblanadi. U, shuningdek, Xeminguey mushuklarining ko'p soni bilan ham mashhur.

Ushbu turar joy 1851-yilda badavlat dengiz me'mori va qutqaruvchisi Asa Tift tomonidan fransuz kolonial uslubida qurilgan. 1931-yildan 1939-yilgacha uyda Xeminguey va uning rafiqasi Paulin Pfayfer yashagan. Ular eski uyni qayta tiklaganl va bir nechta o'zgartirishlar kiritgan. Xeminguey ana shu uyda bo'lgan vaqtida o'zining eng yaxshi asarlarini, jumladan, "Green Hills of Africa" ''("Afrikaning yashil tepaliklari")''(1935) nomli badiiy asari, 1936-yilda "The Snows of Klimanjaro" ("Kilimanjaro qorlari") va  "The Short Happy Life of Francis Macomber"  ("Frensis Makomberning qisqa baxtli hayoti") qissalarini shuningdek, “ ''To Have and Have Not”'' (1937) va ''“Islans in the Stream”'' (1970) romanlari yozgan. Xemingueyning ajrashishi va o'limidan so'ng, uy kimoshdi savdosiga qo'yilgan va 1964-yilda xususiy muzeyga aylantirilgan. 1968-yil 24-noyabrda u Milliy tarixiy yodgorlik sifatida ro'yxatga olindi. 

== Tarixi ==

=== Boshlang'ich davrlar ===
Uyning qurilishi 1848-yilda boshlangan va 1851-yilda<ref>{{yangiliklar manbasi |last=Chorney |first=Saryn |date=11-sentabr 2017-yil |title=All of Ernest Hemingway House's 54 Famous, Six-Toed Cats Accounted for After Hurricane Irma Batters the Florida Keys |work=People |url=https://people.com/pets/hurricane-irma-hemingway-house-cats-safe-key-west/ |access-date=4-oktabr 2020-yil |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200318213228/https://people.com/pets/hurricane-irma-hemingway-house-cats-safe-key-west/ |archive-date=18-mart 2020-yil}}</ref> dengiz arxitektori va qutqaruvchi Asa Tift tomonidan fransuz kolonial mulki uslubida qurib bitkazilgan.<ref name="huff">{{yangiliklar manbasi |last=Fogwell |first=Susan |date=3-dekabr 2014-yil |title=The Hemingway House in Key West |work=The Huffington Post |url=https://huffingtonpost.com/susan-fogwell/a-photo-tour-key-west_b_6124820.html |access-date=4-oktabr 2020-yil |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170112210126/https://huffingtonpost.com/susan-fogwell/a-photo-tour-key-west_b_6124820.html |archive-date=12-yanvar 2017-yil}}</ref> Uy Key West Lighthouse ko'chasining ro'parasida<ref>{{kitob manbasi|last=Miller|first=Mark|date=2008|title=Miami and the Keys|url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Miami_and_the_Keys/tsdVQYBFdQsC?hl=en&gbpv=0|publisher=National Geographic Society|page=225|isbn=9781426203237}}</ref> {{Convert|16|ft}}) balandlikda joylashgan -  bu oroldagi ikkinchi eng baland joy.<ref name="huff" /><ref>{{yangiliklar manbasi |last=Alvarado |first=Francisco |date=6-sentabr 2017-yil |title=Home to Hemingway and lazy days, Key West girds for Hurricane Irma’s wrath |work=The Washington Post |url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-nation/wp/2017/09/06/home-to-hemingway-and-lazy-days-key-west-girds-for-hurricane-irmas-wrath/ |access-date=4-oktabr 2020-yil |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200322172719/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/post-nation/wp/2017/09/06/home-to-hemingway-and-lazy-days-key-west-girds-for-hurricane-irmas-wrath/ |archive-date=22-mart 2020-yil}}</ref> Balandlikka qo'shimcha ravishda, uyning 18 dyuymli qalin ohaktosh devorlari tropik bo'ronlar va bo'ronlar paytida uni himoya qiladi.<ref>{{yangiliklar manbasi |last=Dangremond |first=Sam |date=11-sentabr 2017-yil |title=Ernest Hemingway's Key West Cats Made It Through Hurricane Irma Unscathed |work=Town & Country Magazine |url=https://www.townandcountrymag.com/leisure/travel-guide/a12223036/ernest-hemingway-house-cats-hurricane-irma/ |access-date=4-oktabr 2020-yil |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170912034534/http://www.townandcountrymag.com/leisure/travel-guide/a12223036/ernest-hemingway-house-cats-hurricane-irma/ |archive-date=12-sentabr 2017-yil}}</ref>

=== Xeminguey ===
[[Fayl:Ernest_and_Pauline_Hemingway,_Key_West,_c1930s.jpg|left|thumb| [[Ernest Hemingway|Ernest Xeminguey]] rafiqasi Paulin bilan 1930-yillarda uy hovlisida]]
1928-yilda yozuvchi [[Ernest Hemingway|Ernest Xeminguey]] va uning rafiqasi Paulin Pfayfer Key Westga ko'chib o'tishdi va u yerda keyingi uch yilni ijaraga olingan uyda o'tkazdilar.

Paulin birinchi marta 907 Uaytxed ko'chasini uy qidirish paytida ko'rganida, ana shu uyni uni "la'natlangan arvoh uyi" deb aytgandi.<ref>[[Ernest Hemingway House#McIver|McIver (2002)]], p. 17.</ref> O'sha paytda uy garovga qo'yilgan va o'ta ta'mirtalab ahvolda qolgan edi.<ref name="huff"/> Biroq uning to'liq afzalliklarini anglab yetgach, u boy amakisi Gusni to'y sovg'asi sifatida 8000 dollarga sotib olishga ko'ndirgan.<ref name="page136">{{kitob manbasi|last=Moddelmog|first=Debra A.|date=2013|title=Ernest Hemingway in Context|url=https://www.google.com/books/edition/Ernest_Hemingway_in_Context/cf1MDh4JQ-MC?hl=en&gbpv=0|publisher=Cambridge University Press|page=136|isbn=9781107010550}}</ref><ref name="McIver18">[[Ernest Hemingway House#McIver|McIver (2002)]], p. 18.</ref> Xeminguey oilasi ishdan chiqqan, yaroqksiz ahvoldagi ustunlarni almashtirib, butun uyni tikladilar.<ref name="Hem19" /> Uyning ichki jihozlarining ko'p qismini Paulin tanlagan, ammo Ernest o'zining ov kuboklarini qo'shishni xohlagan va shunday qilgan.<ref>[[Ernest Hemingway House#McIver|McIver (2002)]], p. 21.</ref> Havoning aylanishini hisobga olib Paulin uyning ship ventilyatorlarini qandillar bilan almashtirgan.<ref name="palin2">{{veb manbasi|url=https://www.pbs.org/hemingwayadventure/pauline.html|sarlavha=Polydactyl Cats|ish=Michael Palin's Hemingway Adventure|nashriyot=PBS|kirish sanasi=5-oktabr 2020-yil|arxivurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20170507230831/http://www.pbs.org/hemingwayadventure/pauline.html|arxivsana=7-may 2017-yil}}</ref> Er-xotin, shuningdek, uyning ikkinchi qavatini Ernest uchun yozuv studiyasiga aylantirgan va yerto'lani esa vino saqlash uchun moslashtirganlar.<ref name="Hem19">[[Ernest Hemingway House#McIver|McIver (2002)]], p. 19.</ref>
[[Fayl:Hemingway's_den_2019.jpg|thumb| Xemingueyning yozuvchilik studiyasi]]
Xeminguey 1937-[[Ernest Hemingway|yilda Ispaniyada hisobot berayotganda]], Paulin hovlida katta hovuz o'rnatdi.<ref name="McIver 2002 pp. 21-22">[[Ernest Hemingway House#McIver|McIver (2002)]], pp. 21-22.</ref> Hovuz - Florida Keysdagi birinchi basseyn, 24 x 60 fut<ref name="nyt1964">{{yangiliklar manbasi |date=2-fevral 1964-yil |title=Hemingway House Becomes a Museum |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/1964/02/02/archives/hemingway-house-becomes-a-museum.html |access-date=4-oktabr 2020-yil}}</ref> 80 000 gallon va juda qimmat edi.  Narxi 20 000 AQSh dollari, bu butun mulkni sotib olish narxidan ikki yarim baravar ko'p edi.<ref name="McIver 2002 pp. 21-22" /><ref>{{yangiliklar manbasi |last=Gibson |first=Andrew |date=13-may 2015-yil |title=Hemingway's legacy alive and well in Key West |work=The Los Angeles Times |url=https://www.latimes.com/travel/cruises/os-exfl-south-famous-hemingway-house-20150517-story.html |access-date=4-oktabr 2020-yil |archive-date=2022-03-14 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220314123954/https://www.latimes.com/travel/cruises/os-exfl-south-famous-hemingway-house-20150517-story.html |url-status=dead }}</ref> Xeminguey safardan  qaytgach, bunday qimmat inshoot qurilganidan jahli chiqqan. U kuchli hayajon bilan cho'ntagidan bir tiyinni yerga tashlab, ayoliga "Siz mening so'nggi sentimni ham olsangiz bo'ladi", deb aytgan, lekin hovuz uchun Paulinning o'zi pul sarfgan. Paulin ana shu sentni saqlab qolgan va keyin uni betonga solib qo'ygan<ref name="McIver 2002 pp. 21-22" /> Avvalgi g'azabiga qaramay, Xemingueyga hovuz yoqa boshladi va keyinchalik u yerda bemalol suzishi uchun uy atrofini 6 futlik g'isht [[devor]] bilan o'ratdi.<ref name="nyt1964" /><ref>{{kitob manbasi|last=Reynolds|first=Michael|date=1997|title=Hemingway: The 1930s|url=https://archive.org/details/hemingway1930s0000reyn|location=New York|publisher=W. W. Norton & Co.|page=[https://archive.org/details/hemingway1930s0000reyn/page/268 268]|isbn=0393343200|oclc=35397885}}</ref> Xeminguey uyida tovuslar boqdi va maysazorda boks musobaqalarini tashkil qildi.<ref>{{veb manbasi|url=https://www.pbs.org/hemingwayadventure/keywest.html|sarlavha=Sun and Sloppy Joe's|ish=Michael Palin's Hemingway Adventure|nashriyot=PBS|kirish sanasi=5-oktabr 2020-yil}}</ref>

Xeminguey o'limidan so'ng garajdagi omborxonadan qo'lyozma topildi; bu asar vafotidan keyin 1970-yilda "Islands in the Stream" nnomi bilan nashr etilgan.<ref name="huff"/>

Bu uyda sakkiz yil yashagan Xeminguey 1939-yilda Kubaga ko'chib ketgan.<ref>{{yangiliklar manbasi |last=O'Connoor |first=John |date=2-oktabr 2015-yil |title=Places Where Hemingway Lived or Traveled |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2015/10/04/travel/places-where-hemingway-lived-or-traveled.html |access-date=4-oktabr 2020-yil}}</ref> 

1940-yilda ajrashgandan so'ng, Paulin 1951-yilda vafot etgunga qadar ana shu uyda yashadi. Keyin u 1961-yilda Xeminguey o'z [[Ernest Hemingway|joniga qasd]] qilgunga qadar uning ixtiyorida qoldi. O'sha yilning oxirida uchta o'g'li uyni 80 000 dollarga auktsionga qo'yishdi.<ref name="huff"/><ref name="nytcats">{{yangiliklar manbasi |last=Alvarez |first=Lizette |date=22-dekabr 2012-yil |title=Cats at Hemingway Museum Draw Tourists, and a Legal Battle |work=The New York Times |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2012/12/23/us/cats-at-hemingway-museum-draw-a-legal-battle.html |access-date=4-oktabr 2020-yil |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201004230035/https://www.nytimes.com/2012/12/23/us/cats-at-hemingway-museum-draw-a-legal-battle.html |archive-date=4-oktabr 2020-yil}}</ref><ref>[[Ernest Hemingway House#McIver|McIver (2002)]], p. 108.</ref>

=== Zamonaviy muzey ===
[[Fayl:Hemingway_House_tourists.jpg|thumb| 2019-yilda uyga tashrif buyurgan sayyohlar]]
Yangi egalar Xeminguey uyidan yashash niyatida edi. Biroq tashrif buyuruvchilarning doimiy qiziqishi tufayli ular uyni 1964-yilda muzey sifatida ommaga ochdilar. Xemingueyning oilasi mebellarning ko'p qismini olib qo'ygan bo'lsa-da, uyda hali ham kattaroq mebellar va Xemingueyning ko'plab mulklari bor edi.<ref name="nyt1964"/> Barcha mebellar asl va Xemingueyga tegishli bo'lmaganlgi = sababli, muzeyning haqiqiyligi biroz tanqidga uchradi.<ref name="page136"/> Uyning barcha xonalari tashrif buyuruvchilar uchun ochiq, Xemingueyning yozuv xonasidan tashqari (uni faqat ekran orqali koʻrish mumkin).<ref name="palin2"/> Uy-muzey Key Westdagi eng mashhur sayyohlik maskani hisoblanadi.<ref>[[Ernest Hemingway House#McIver|McIver (2002)]], p. 85.</ref>

2017-yil sentabrida “ [[Irma dovuli|Irma” toʻfoni]] Keysda sodir bo'lishidan oldin, orollarning butun aholisi federal hukumat tomonidan evakuatsiya qilinishini aytilgan edi, biroq muzey egasi, bosh menejeri va bir guruh xodimlari uyni tark etish yoki mushuklarini evakuatsiya qilishdan bosh tortdi. Xemingueyning nabirasi ham ularni Bu shunchaki uy” deb ko'chirishga undagan. Ammo, bir nechta xodimlar mushuklar va uyda qolishni afzal ko'rdilar. Ular to'fondanshikast yetmagan holda omon qolishdi.<ref>{{veb manbasi|muallif=Astor|ism=Maggie|sarlavha=Hemingway’s Six-Toed Cats Ride Out Hurricane Irma in Key West|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2017/09/11/us/hemingway-cats-irma.html?mcubz=0|ish=The New York Times|kirish sanasi=11-sentabr 2017-yil|sana=11-sentabr 2017-yil}}</ref><ref>{{yangiliklar manbasi |last=Schaub |first=Michael |date=11-sentabr 2017-yil |title=Hemingway's house and cats spared by Hurricane Irma |work=The Los Angeles Times |url=https://www.latimes.com/books/jacketcopy/la-et-jc-hemingway-hurricane-20170911-story.html |access-date=4-oktabr 2020-yil}}</ref>

[[COVID-19 pandemiyasi]] va buning natijasida turizmning pasayishi tufayli muzey 30 dan ortiq xodimni (jami xodimlarning 50%i) ishdan bo'shatdi.<ref>{{yangiliklar manbasi |last=Miles |first=Mandy |title=Key West's Iconic Hemingway House Lays Off 30+ Workers |work=Keys Weekly |location=Key West, Florida |url=https://keysweekly.com/42/key-wests-iconic-hemingway-house-lays-off-30-workers/ |access-date=4-oktabr 2020-yil}}</ref><ref>{{yangiliklar manbasi |last=Filosa |first=Gwen |date=29-avgust 2020-yil |title='It's sad.' Key West’s Hemingway museum cuts half its staff, citing a decline in tourism |work=Miami Herald |url=https://www.miamiherald.com/news/local/community/florida-keys/article245333965.html |access-date=4-oktabr 2020-yil}}</ref>

== Mushuklar ==
[[Fayl:Polydactylcat.jpg|thumb| Uy-muzeyda yashaydigan polidaktil mushuklardan biri]]
Uy va uning hududida ko'plab mushuklar yashaydi, ular odatda Xeminguey mushuklari deb ataladi.<ref name="nytcats" /> Taxminan yarmi polidaktil bo'lib, har bir panjasi oltita barmoqdan iborat.<ref name="baltimore">{{yangiliklar manbasi |last=Bell |first=Maya |date=13-avgust 2006-yil |title=Hemingway's cats have gone to court |work=The Baltimore Sun |url=https://www.baltimoresun.com/news/bs-xpm-2006-08-13-0608130005-story.html |access-date=4-oktabr 2020-yil}}</ref> Mushuklar Xamfri Bogart yoki [[Marilyn Monroe|Merilin Monro]] kabi mashhur kishilarning ismlarini olib, uyning bog'ida o'z qabristoniga ham ega.<ref name="nytcats"/>

Afsonaga ko'ra, mulkdagi barcha mushuklar dengiz kapitani tomonidan Xemingueysga sovg'a sifatida berilgan olti barmoqli oq mushuk -Snow White dan kelib chiqqan.<ref name="nytcats"/><ref name="baltimore"/> Biroq, Xemingueyning jiyani Hilari va uning o'g'li Patrik ikkalasi ham Xemingueyning Key Westda mushuklari borligi haqidagi da'voga qarshi chiqishdi. Chalkash fikrlarga yana bir misol, Ki-Vestda yosh Patrik va Gregori (Xemingueyning yana bir o'g'li) oq mushuk bilan o'ynayotgan fotosurati mavjud. Tasvir haqida so'ralganda, Patrik voqeani eslay olmasligini aytgan.<ref>[[Ernest Hemingway House#Brennen|Brennen & Hemingway (2015)]], Ch. 9.</ref>

== Galereya ==
<gallery mode="packed" heights="150">
Fayl:Ernest Hemingway Home - panoramio.jpg|alt=Entrance to the property|Uy-muzeyga kirish
Fayl:ErnestHemingwayHouse031.JPG|alt=A miniature house for the cats|Mushuklar uchun miniatura uy
Fayl:HemingwayAlleyCat.jpg|alt=A cat lies on the porch|Mushuk ayvonda yotibdi
Fayl:HemingwayGarden.jpg|alt=Garden|Bog'
Fayl:Ernest Hemingway House - Key West 2.jpg|alt=|Ernest Xeminguey uyi milliy tarixiy yodgorlik belgisi
</gallery><gallery mode="packed" heights="200">
Fayl:Hemingway House-Cat Cemetery.JPG|alt=The cat cemetery|Mushuklar qabristoni
Fayl:Ernest Hemingway Home - panoramio (3).jpg|alt=The house's veranda|Uyning verandasi
Fayl:ErnestHemingwayHouse021.JPG|alt=Hemingway's pool|Xemingueyning hovuzi
</gallery>

== Yana qarang ==

* Ernest Xemingueyning tug'ilgan joyi
* Ernest Xeminguey kotteji
* Ernest va Meri Xeminguey uyi

== Manbalar ==
<references responsive="" />

[[Turkum:Ernest Xeminguey]]
[[Turkum:Uy-muzeylar]]