Gender roli: Versiyalar orasidagi farq

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15-Avgust 2023, 18:46 dagi koʻrinishi

Gender roli yoki jinsiy rol^[1] — bu shaxsning jinsiga qarab, yaʼni ayollarga, erkaklarga yoki boshqa jinsga tegishli boʻlgan maqbul, mos yoki munosib deb hisoblangan xatti-harakatlar va munosabatlarni belgilaydigan ijtimoiy normalar jamlanmasi^[2]^[3]^[4]. Gender rollari asosan erkaklik va ayollik tushunchalariga qaratiladi^[3]. Shaxsning xulq-atvori va gender roli oʻrtasidagi nomuvofiqlik gender nomuvofiqligi deb ataladi. Turli madaniyatlarda gender rollarining soni va oʻziga xos mazmuni sezilarli darajada farq qiladi, ammo madaniyatlararo oʻxshashliklar ham mavjud.

Fanda gender rollari va ularning xilma-xilligi biologiya tomonidan qay darajada aniqlanishi va jamiyat tomonidan qay darajada qurilganligi haqida yagona nuqtai nazar yoʻq. Gender rollarining kelib chiqishining qatʼiy biologik nazariyalari, xususan, evolyutsion psixologiya, empirik maʼlumotlar bilan qoʻllab-quvvatlanmaydi. Umuman olganda, mavjud ilmiy dalillar shuni koʻrsatadiki, gender rivojlanishiga nafaqat biologik, balki kognitiv va ijtimoiy omillar ham taʼsir qiladi.

Gender rollari insonning oʻzini oʻzi qadrlashi uchun ijobiy rol oʻynashi mumkin, agar jinsga xos xatti-harakatlar uning uchun tabiiy boʻlsa va uning oʻzini his qilishiga mos kelsa. Agar bunday boʻlmasa, gender rollari va atrof-muhitning meʼyoriy bosimi stress manbai boʻladi.

Manbalar

↑ „Sex Roles and Gender Roles“. Qaraldi: 15-avgust 2023-yil.
↑ Lindsey, Linda L.. Gender Roles: A Sociological Perspective (en). Routledge, 14 October 2015 — 5 bet. ISBN 978-1-317-34808-5. „Gender roles, therefore, are the expected attitudes and behaviors a society associates with each sex.“
↑ ^3,0 ^3,1 Alters, Sandra; Schiff, Wendy. Essential Concepts for Healthy Living. Jones & Bartlett Publishers, 2009 — 143 bet. ISBN 978-0763756413. „gender role - patterns of behavior, attitudes, and personality attributes that are traditionally considered in a particular culture to be feminine or masculine.“
↑ David S. Gochman. Handbook of Health Behavior Research II: Provider Determinants. Springer Science & Business Media, 1997 — 424 bet. ISBN 978-1489917607. „The social roles, behaviors, attitudes, and psychological characteristics that are more common, more expected, or more accepted for one sex or the other; includes a group of interrelated behaviors, attitudes, and psychological characteristics that influence a variety of risk and risk-taking behaviors as well as care-seeking behaviors.“

[1] „Sex Roles and Gender Roles“. Qaraldi: 15-avgust 2023-yil.

[2] Lindsey, Linda L.. Gender Roles: A Sociological Perspective (en). Routledge, 14 October 2015 — 5 bet. ISBN 978-1-317-34808-5. „Gender roles, therefore, are the expected attitudes and behaviors a society associates with each sex.“

[Alters-3] 3,0 ^3,1 Alters, Sandra; Schiff, Wendy. Essential Concepts for Healthy Living. Jones & Bartlett Publishers, 2009 — 143 bet. ISBN 978-0763756413. „gender role - patterns of behavior, attitudes, and personality attributes that are traditionally considered in a particular culture to be feminine or masculine.“

[Gochman-4] David S. Gochman. Handbook of Health Behavior Research II: Provider Determinants. Springer Science & Business Media, 1997 — 424 bet. ISBN 978-1489917607. „The social roles, behaviors, attitudes, and psychological characteristics that are more common, more expected, or more accepted for one sex or the other; includes a group of interrelated behaviors, attitudes, and psychological characteristics that influence a variety of risk and risk-taking behaviors as well as care-seeking behaviors.“

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[2]

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[4]

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	Gender roli yoki jinsiy rol<ref ~~name~~="Sex Roles and Gender Roles"/> — bu shaxsning jinsiga qarab, yaʼni [[Ayol\|ayollarga]], [[Erkak\|erkaklarga]] yoki boshqa jinsga tegishli boʻlgan maqbul, mos yoki munosib deb hisoblangan xatti-harakatlar va munosabatlarni belgilaydigan ijtimoiy normalar jamlanmasi<ref>{{cite book \|last1=Lindsey \|first1=Linda L. \|title=Gender Roles: A Sociological Perspective \|date=14 October 2015 \|publisher=Routledge \|isbn=978-1-317-34808-5 \|page=5 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qjjbCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA5 \|access-date=19 December 2022 \|language=en \|quote=Gender roles, therefore, are the expected attitudes and behaviors a society associates with each sex.}}</ref><ref name="Alters">{{cite book \|last1=Alters \|first1=Sandra \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lc-YBRQkldAC&pg=PA143 \|title=Essential Concepts for Healthy Living \|last2=Schiff \|first2=Wendy \|publisher=[[Jones & Bartlett Publishers]] \|year=2009 \|isbn=978-0763756413 \|page=143 \|quote=gender role - patterns of behavior, attitudes, and personality attributes that are traditionally considered in a particular culture to be feminine or masculine. \|access-date=3 January 2018}}</ref><ref name="Gochman">{{cite book \|author=David S. Gochman \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hW_1BwAAQBAJ&pg=PA424 \|title=Handbook of Health Behavior Research II: Provider Determinants \|publisher=[[Springer Science & Business Media]] \|year=1997 \|isbn=978-1489917607 \|page=424 \|quote=The social roles, behaviors, attitudes, and psychological characteristics that are more common, more expected, or more accepted for one sex or the other; includes a group of interrelated behaviors, attitudes, and psychological characteristics that influence a variety of risk and risk-taking behaviors as well as care-seeking behaviors. \|access-date=3 January 2018}}</ref>. Gender rollari asosan [[erkak]]lik va [[ayol]]lik tushunchalariga qaratiladi<ref name="Alters">{{cite book \|last1=Alters \|first1=Sandra \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lc-YBRQkldAC&pg=PA143 \|title=Essential Concepts for Healthy Living \|last2=Schiff \|first2=Wendy \|publisher=[[Jones & Bartlett Publishers]] \|year=2009 \|isbn=978-0763756413 \|page=143 \|quote=gender role - patterns of behavior, attitudes, and personality attributes that are traditionally considered in a particular culture to be feminine or masculine. \|access-date=3 January 2018}}</ref>. Shaxsning xulq-atvori va gender roli oʻrtasidagi nomuvofiqlik gender nomuvofiqligi deb ataladi. Turli madaniyatlarda gender rollarining soni va oʻziga xos mazmuni sezilarli darajada farq qiladi, ammo madaniyatlararo oʻxshashliklar ham mavjud.		Gender roli yoki jinsiy rol<ref>{{veb manbasi \|title=Sex Roles and Gender Roles \|url=https://link.springer.com/referenceworkentry/10.1007/978-1-4419-1695-2_602#howtocite \|accessdate=15-avgust 2023-yil}}</ref> — bu shaxsning jinsiga qarab, yaʼni [[Ayol\|ayollarga]], [[Erkak\|erkaklarga]] yoki boshqa jinsga tegishli boʻlgan maqbul, mos yoki munosib deb hisoblangan xatti-harakatlar va munosabatlarni belgilaydigan ijtimoiy normalar jamlanmasi<ref>{{cite book \|last1=Lindsey \|first1=Linda L. \|title=Gender Roles: A Sociological Perspective \|date=14 October 2015 \|publisher=Routledge \|isbn=978-1-317-34808-5 \|page=5 \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=qjjbCgAAQBAJ&pg=PA5 \|access-date=19 December 2022 \|language=en \|quote=Gender roles, therefore, are the expected attitudes and behaviors a society associates with each sex.}}</ref><ref name="Alters">{{cite book \|last1=Alters \|first1=Sandra \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lc-YBRQkldAC&pg=PA143 \|title=Essential Concepts for Healthy Living \|last2=Schiff \|first2=Wendy \|publisher=[[Jones & Bartlett Publishers]] \|year=2009 \|isbn=978-0763756413 \|page=143 \|quote=gender role - patterns of behavior, attitudes, and personality attributes that are traditionally considered in a particular culture to be feminine or masculine. \|access-date=3 January 2018}}</ref><ref name="Gochman">{{cite book \|author=David S. Gochman \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=hW_1BwAAQBAJ&pg=PA424 \|title=Handbook of Health Behavior Research II: Provider Determinants \|publisher=[[Springer Science & Business Media]] \|year=1997 \|isbn=978-1489917607 \|page=424 \|quote=The social roles, behaviors, attitudes, and psychological characteristics that are more common, more expected, or more accepted for one sex or the other; includes a group of interrelated behaviors, attitudes, and psychological characteristics that influence a variety of risk and risk-taking behaviors as well as care-seeking behaviors. \|access-date=3 January 2018}}</ref>. Gender rollari asosan [[erkak]]lik va [[ayol]]lik tushunchalariga qaratiladi<ref name="Alters">{{cite book \|last1=Alters \|first1=Sandra \|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=lc-YBRQkldAC&pg=PA143 \|title=Essential Concepts for Healthy Living \|last2=Schiff \|first2=Wendy \|publisher=[[Jones & Bartlett Publishers]] \|year=2009 \|isbn=978-0763756413 \|page=143 \|quote=gender role - patterns of behavior, attitudes, and personality attributes that are traditionally considered in a particular culture to be feminine or masculine. \|access-date=3 January 2018}}</ref>. Shaxsning xulq-atvori va gender roli oʻrtasidagi nomuvofiqlik gender nomuvofiqligi deb ataladi. Turli madaniyatlarda gender rollarining soni va oʻziga xos mazmuni sezilarli darajada farq qiladi, ammo madaniyatlararo oʻxshashliklar ham mavjud.

	Fanda gender rollari va ularning xilma-xilligi [[biologiya]] tomonidan qay darajada aniqlanishi va jamiyat tomonidan qay darajada qurilganligi haqida yagona nuqtai nazar yoʻq. Gender rollarining kelib chiqishining qatʼiy biologik nazariyalari, xususan, evolyutsion psixologiya, empirik maʼlumotlar bilan qoʻllab-quvvatlanmaydi. Umuman olganda, mavjud ilmiy dalillar shuni koʻrsatadiki, gender rivojlanishiga nafaqat biologik, balki kognitiv va ijtimoiy omillar ham taʼsir qiladi.		Fanda gender rollari va ularning xilma-xilligi [[biologiya]] tomonidan qay darajada aniqlanishi va jamiyat tomonidan qay darajada qurilganligi haqida yagona nuqtai nazar yoʻq. Gender rollarining kelib chiqishining qatʼiy biologik nazariyalari, xususan, evolyutsion psixologiya, empirik maʼlumotlar bilan qoʻllab-quvvatlanmaydi. Umuman olganda, mavjud ilmiy dalillar shuni koʻrsatadiki, gender rivojlanishiga nafaqat biologik, balki kognitiv va ijtimoiy omillar ham taʼsir qiladi.