Xoja Gʻulom Farid

Xoja Gʻulom Farid
	; Kot Mitanda Xoja Gʻulom Farid maqbarasi
Tavalludi	tax. 1841/1845; Chachran, Bahavulpur, Britaniya Hindistoni (hozirgi Panjob, Pokiston)
Vafoti	24-iyul 1901 (yoshi 56 yoki 60); Chachran, Bahavulpur, Britaniya Hindistoni (hozirgi Panjob, Pokiston); Mitankot, Panjob, Pokiston
Ijod qilgan tillari	Saraiki, Fors tili va Urdu
Tanlangan asarlari	Devon-i Farid ; . Manaqib-i Mahbubiya ; . Favoyid-i Faridiya

Xoja Gʻulom Farid (shuningdek lotin yozuvida Farid shaklida; tax. 1841/1845 – 1901-yil 24-iyul) 19-asr soʻfiy shoiri va mutaassavifi boʻlib, Panjobning Bahavulpur shahridan boʻlib, Chishtiya tariqatiga mansub edi. Uning asarlarining aksariyati ona tili boʻlmish „Multoniy“da yozilgan boʻlib, keyinchalik u saraiki tiliga aylangan. Biroq u turli tillarda, jumladan panjob, urdu, pushtu, sind, hind va fors tillarida ham yozgan, ammo ona tili Multoniyda yozgan asarlari bilan shuhrat qozongan^[1]^[2]^[3]^[4]. Uning yozish uslubiga oʻlim, dunyoviy va maʼnaviy joʻshqin muhabbat hamda muhabbat bilan bogʻliq gʻam kabi mavzularning qoʻshilishi xosdir^[4].

Hayoti

Gʻulom Farid oʻz nasabini dastlab Sindga koʻchib kelgan ajdod orqali ikkinchi Roshidun xalifasi Umarga (h. 634–644) bogʻlovchi Koreja oilasining bir tarmogʻida tugʻilgan. Oila Suhravardiya soʻfiy tariqatiga mansub avliyolar sifatida tanilgan edi. Asli kelib chiqishi Sindning Tatta hududidan boʻlgan bu oilaning qarorgohi 18-asr boshlarida bir murid taklifi bilan Mitankotga koʻchirildi va keyinchalik ular oʻz eʼtiqodiy bogʻliqligini Chishtiya tariqatiga oʻtkazdilar^[5]^[6]. Xoja Farid tax. 1841/1845-yilda Chachranda tugʻilgan. Farid sakkiz yoshlarida otasidan ayrildi. Shundan soʻng uni akasi Xoja Faxriddin tarbiyaladi va u bilimdon olim va yozuvchi boʻlib ulgʻaydi. U Sodiq Muhammad IV, yaʼni Bahavulpur navobi qirollik saroyida puxta rasmiy taʼlim oldi. Ota-onalari vafotidan keyin uni tarbiyalagan akasi Faxriddin ham Farid 26 yoshida boʻlganida vafot etdi. Farid 1875-yilda Makkaga haj safarini ado etgan va soʻngra chilla (uzlat) uchun Rohi nomi bilan ham tanilgan Choliston choʻliga chekingan, u yerda jami oʻn sakkiz yilni oʻtkazgan. U 1901-yil 24-iyulda Chachranda vafot etgan va Mitankotda dafn etilgan^[5].

U 1902-yilda Edward Douglas MacLagan tomonidan tayyorlanib nashr etilgan Multon okrugi (1901–02) gazettarida tilga olingan^[7].

Asarlari

Eng muhim asarlariga quyidagilar kiradi:^[5].

Masnaviy Madan-i Ishq (1882); nashriyot: Gulzor-i Muhammad matbaasi, Lakxnau^[8].
Devon-i Farid
Manaqib-i mahbubiya (fors tilida nasriy)
Favoyid-i Faridiya (fors tilida nasriy)

Merosi

Farid nomi bilan atalgan adabiy mukofot – Xoja Gʻulom Farid mukofoti – har yili adabiyot sohasida Pokiston Adabiyot akademiyasi tomonidan topshiriladi, uning sovrindorlari orasida boshqalar qatorida Ismoil Ahmadoniy (2013-yilda) va Irshod Tavnsaviy (2007-yilda) ham bor^[9].
Farid darvozasi – qadimiy Bahavulpur shahrini oʻrab turgan tarixiy darvozalardan biri boʻlib, Farid sharafiga shunday atalgan.
Xoja Farid muhandislik va axborot texnologiyalari universiteti (KFUEIT) Rohim Yorxon tumanida Farid nomi bilan atalgan.
Panjobdagi Rajnpur shahrida joylashgan Xoja Gʻulom Farid ziyoratgohi Pokistondagi eng koʻp ziyorat qilinadigan 10 ta ziyoratgoh qatoriga kiradi^[10].

Yana qarang

Manbalar

↑ Suvorova, Anna. Muslim Saints of South Asia: The Eleventh to Fifteenth Centuries, Routledge Sufi Series. Routledge, 22 July 2004 — 82-bet. ISBN 978-1134-37005-4. „Later on these assertions became the conventional tradition of the Sufi poetry that was summed up by the Punjabi poet-mystic Khwaja Ghulam Farid (1841–1901) in one of his kāfī:“
↑ Shackle, Christopher (2013). "Ghulām Farīd". in Fleet, Kate; Krämer, Gudrun; Matringe, Denis et al.. Encyclopaedia of Islam (3- nashri). Brill Online. doi:10.1163/1573-3912_ei3_COM_24430. ISSN 1873-9830. https://doi.org/10.1163/1573-3912_ei3_COM_24430.
↑ Mir, Farina. The Social Space of Language: Vernacular Culture in British Colonial Punjab, South Asia across the Disciplines. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2010 — 105–106-bet. ISBN 978-0-520-26269-0.
↑ ^4,0 ^4,1 Langah, Nukhbah Taj (3 July 2014). "Tracing Sufi influence in the works of contemporary Siraiki Poet, Riffat Abbas" (en). South Asian Diaspora (Routledge) 6 (2): 194. doi:10.1080/19438192.2014.912465. ISSN 1943-8192. https://doi.org/10.1080/19438192.2014.912465. "Khwaja Farid’s writing style combines the themes of death, passionate worldly and spiritual love and grief associated with love. He wrote in various different languages including Punjabi, Urdu, Pashto, Sindhi, Hindi and Persian, but gained popularity mainly for writing in his mother language, Siraiki."
↑ ^5,0 ^5,1 ^5,2 Shackle, Christopher (2013). "Ghulām Farīd". in Fleet, Kate; Krämer, Gudrun; Matringe, Denis et al.. Encyclopaedia of Islam (3- nashri). Brill Online. doi:10.1163/1573-3912_ei3_COM_24430. ISSN 1873-9830. https://doi.org/10.1163/1573-3912_ei3_COM_24430.
↑ Asghar, Muhammad. The Sacred and the Secular: Aesthetics in Domestic Spaces of Pakistan/Punjab (en). LIT Verlag Münster, 2016 — 92-bet. ISBN 978-3-643-90836-0. „This saint originally belonged to Thatta (Sindh), and is buried in Mithankot, a small town on the right bank of the river Indus. Khwaja Ghulam Farid (1841-1901) is the most famous Chishti Sufi saint in Pakistan and particularly revered in Southern Punjab where Seraiki language is spoken. He composed many mystical lyrics in the Seraiki language.“
↑ Maclagan, E. D.. Gazetteer Of The Multan District (1901-02), 1902.
↑ Soofi, Mushtaq „Punjab Notes: Fazal Farid Laleka: Bullah's name and Khawaja Farid's Masnavi“ (en). DAWN.COM (2021-yil 19-iyul). Qaraldi: 2025-yil 3-avgust.
↑ PAL announces National Literary Awards Academy of the Punjab in North America website, Published 10 August 2007, Retrieved 15 April 2020
↑ Sumayia Asif.. „10 most visited shrines in Pakistan“ (2015-yil 2-noyabr). Qaraldi: 2022-yil 28-aprel.

Havolalar

Xoja Faridning panjob tilidagi toʻliq asarlar toʻplami Shimoliy Amerikadagi Panjob akademiyasi veb-saytida

[1] Suvorova, Anna. Muslim Saints of South Asia: The Eleventh to Fifteenth Centuries, Routledge Sufi Series. Routledge, 22 July 2004 — 82-bet. ISBN 978-1134-37005-4. „Later on these assertions became the conventional tradition of the Sufi poetry that was summed up by the Punjabi poet-mystic Khwaja Ghulam Farid (1841–1901) in one of his kāfī:“

[Shackle2-2] Shackle, Christopher (2013). "Ghulām Farīd". in Fleet, Kate; Krämer, Gudrun; Matringe, Denis et al.. Encyclopaedia of Islam (3- nashri). Brill Online. doi:10.1163/1573-3912_ei3_COM_24430. ISSN 1873-9830. https://doi.org/10.1163/1573-3912_ei3_COM_24430.

[3] Mir, Farina. The Social Space of Language: Vernacular Culture in British Colonial Punjab, South Asia across the Disciplines. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2010 — 105–106-bet. ISBN 978-0-520-26269-0.

[Langah2-4] 4,0 ^4,1 Langah, Nukhbah Taj (3 July 2014). "Tracing Sufi influence in the works of contemporary Siraiki Poet, Riffat Abbas" (en). South Asian Diaspora (Routledge) 6 (2): 194. doi:10.1080/19438192.2014.912465. ISSN 1943-8192. https://doi.org/10.1080/19438192.2014.912465. "Khwaja Farid’s writing style combines the themes of death, passionate worldly and spiritual love and grief associated with love. He wrote in various different languages including Punjabi, Urdu, Pashto, Sindhi, Hindi and Persian, but gained popularity mainly for writing in his mother language, Siraiki."

[Shackle-5] 5,0 ^5,1 ^5,2 Shackle, Christopher (2013). "Ghulām Farīd". in Fleet, Kate; Krämer, Gudrun; Matringe, Denis et al.. Encyclopaedia of Islam (3- nashri). Brill Online. doi:10.1163/1573-3912_ei3_COM_24430. ISSN 1873-9830. https://doi.org/10.1163/1573-3912_ei3_COM_24430.

[VM-6] Asghar, Muhammad. The Sacred and the Secular: Aesthetics in Domestic Spaces of Pakistan/Punjab (en). LIT Verlag Münster, 2016 — 92-bet. ISBN 978-3-643-90836-0. „This saint originally belonged to Thatta (Sindh), and is buried in Mithankot, a small town on the right bank of the river Indus. Khwaja Ghulam Farid (1841-1901) is the most famous Chishti Sufi saint in Pakistan and particularly revered in Southern Punjab where Seraiki language is spoken. He composed many mystical lyrics in the Seraiki language.“

[7] Maclagan, E. D.. Gazetteer Of The Multan District (1901-02), 1902.

[8] Soofi, Mushtaq „Punjab Notes: Fazal Farid Laleka: Bullah's name and Khawaja Farid's Masnavi“ (en). DAWN.COM (2021-yil 19-iyul). Qaraldi: 2025-yil 3-avgust.

[9] PAL announces National Literary Awards Academy of the Punjab in North America website, Published 10 August 2007, Retrieved 15 April 2020

[10] Sumayia Asif.. „10 most visited shrines in Pakistan“ (2015-yil 2-noyabr). Qaraldi: 2022-yil 28-aprel.

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