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Sati (buddizm)

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Sati (pali: sati[1]; sanskritcha: स्मृति smṛti), soʻzma-soʻz „xotira“[2] yoki „saqlab qolish“[3] maʼnolarini anglatadi va odatda „onglilik“ deb tarjima qilinadi, „kuzatishlarni eslab qolish“[4] degan maʼnoni bildiradi. Bu Buddist amaliyotining muhim qismidir. Unga toʻrt asosiy onglilik poydevori, besh idrok, besh kuch, maʼrifatga erishishning yettita omili, sakkiz karra ezgu yoʻl va tushunish darajasiga erishish kabi dharmalarni eslab qolish maʼnolari kiradi[5]. Shuningdek, u badan va aql hodisalarining dharmalariga nisbatan aniq xabardorlikni saqlash amalini anglatadi[6], buning maqsadi yomon holatlarning paydo boʻlishiga qarshi turish va yaxshi holatlarni rivojlantirishdir[7][8]. Bu maʼrifatga erishishning yettita omilining birinchisidir. „Toʻgʻri“ onglilik (Pali: sammā-sati, Sanskrit: samyak-smṛti) sakkiz karra ezgu yoʻlning yettinchi unsuridir.

Taʼrifi

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„Onglilik“ deb tarjima qilingan bu buddizm atamasi, „kuzatishlarni eslab qolish“[4] degan maʼnoni anglatadi va Pali tilidagi sati va uning Sanskrit tilidagi moslashuvi smṛti soʻzlaridan kelib chiqqan. Robert Sharfning soʻzlariga koʻra, bu atamalarning maʼnosi keng munozara va muhokamalarga sabab boʻlgan[8]. Smṛti dastlab Vedik anʼanasida muqaddas matnlarni eslab qolish kabi „eslamoq“, „xotirlamoq“, „yodda saqlamoq“ maʼnolarini anglatgan. Sati atamasi, muqaddas yozuvlarning taʼlimotlarini „eslab qolish“ni anglatadi. Satipațțhāna-suttada sati atamasi haqiqatdan xabardorlikni saqlashni anglatadi, bunda sezgi idroklari illuziya sifatida tushuniladi va shu orqali hodisalarning haqiqiy tabiatini koʻrish mumkin[8]. Sharf Milindapanhaga ishora qilib, unda satining paydo boʻlishi toʻrt asosiy onglilik poydevori, besh idrok, besh kuch, maʼrifatga erishishning yettita omili, sakkiz karra ezgu yoʻl va tushunish darajasiga erishish kabi dharmalarni esga solishini tushuntirilganligini taʼkidlaydi[5].

Izohlar

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Manbalar

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  1. ↑ „Sati“. The Pali Text Society's Pali-English Dictionary. Digital Dictionaries of South Asia, University of Chicago. 2012-yil 12-dekabrda asl nusxadan arxivlangan.
  2. ↑ „Interview with Bhikkhu Bodhi: Translator for the Buddha“.
  3. ↑ Lecture, Stanford University Center for Compassion and Altruism Research and Education, c 18:03 [1] (Wayback Machine saytida November 20, 2012, sanasida arxivlangan)
  4. ↑ 4,0 4,1 Vimalaramsi 2015, s. 4.
  5. ↑ 5,0 5,1 Sharf 2014, s. 943
  6. ↑ Gethin 1992.
  7. ↑ BODHI, BHIKKHU „Investigating the Dhamma“ (2022-yil 1-mart).
  8. ↑ 8,0 8,1 8,2 Sharf 2014, s. 942.

Adabiyotlar

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  • Buddhadasa. Heartwood of the Bodhi Tree. Wisdom Publications, 2014. ISBN 978-1-61429-152-7. 
  • Boccio, Frank Jude. Mindfulness yoga: the Awakened Union of Breath, Body and Mind, 1st, Boston: Wisdom Publications, 2004. ISBN 0-86171-335-4. 
  • Brahmavamso. Mindfulness, Bliss, and Beyond: A Meditator's Handbook. Boston: Wisdom Publications, 2006. ISBN 978-0-86171-275-5. 
  • Bronkhorst, Johannes (1993), The Two Traditions Of Meditation In Ancient India, Motilal Banarsidass Publ.
  • Brooks, Jeffrey S. (2006), A Critique of the Abhidhamma and Visuddhimagga
  • Gethin, Rupert M.L. (1992), The Buddhist Path to Awakening: A Study of the Bodhi-Pakkhiȳa Dhammā, BRILL
  • Gombrich, Richard F. (1997), How Buddhism Began. The Conditioned Genesis of the Early Teachings, New Delhi: Munshiram Manoharlal Publishers Pvt. Ltd.
  • Guenther, Herbert V.; Kawamura, Leslie S.. Mind in Buddhist Psychology: A Translation of Ye-shes rgyal-mtshan's "The Necklace of Clear Understanding", Kindle, Dharma Publishing, 1975. 
  • Gunaratana, Henepola. Mindfulness in Plain English, 20th Anniversary, Boston: Wisdom Publications, 2011. ISBN 978-0-86171-906-8. Qaraldi: 2014-yil 13-may. 
  • Hanh, Thich Nhat. The Miracle of Mindfulness: A Manual on Meditation. Beacon Press, 1996. 
  • Hoopes, Aaron. Zen Yoga: A Path to Enlightenment through Breathing, Movement and Meditation. Kodansha International, 2007. 
  • McMahan, David L. (2008), The Making of Buddhist Modernism, Oxford University Press, ISBN 9780195183276
  • Polak, Grzegorz. Reexamining Jhana: Towards a Critical Reconstruction of Early Buddhist Soteriology. UMCS, 2011. 
  • Sharf, Robert (2014). "Mindfulness and Mindlessness in Early Chan". Philosophy East and West 64 (4): 933–964. doi:10.1353/pew.2014.0074. ISSN 0031-8221. http://buddhiststudies.berkeley.edu/people/faculty/sharf/documents/Sharf_Mindfulness%20and%20Mindlessness.pdf. 
  • Schumann, Hans Wolfgang (1974), Buddhism: an outline of its teachings and schools, Theosophical Pub. House
  • Siegel, Ronald D.. The Mindfulness Solution: Everyday Practices for Everyday Problems. New York: Guilford Press, 2010. ISBN 978-1-60623-294-1. 
  • Vetter, Tilmann. The Ideas and Meditative Practices of Early Buddhism. BRILL, 1988. 
  • Vimalaramsi, Bhante (2015), A Guide to Tranquil Wisdom Insight Meditation, Dhamma Sukha Publishing
  • Weiss, Andrew. Beginning Mindfulness: Learning the Way of Awareness. New World Library, 2004. 
  • Williams, Paul; Tribe, Anthony. Buddhist Thought: a Complete Introduction to the Indian Tradition. London: Routledge, 2000. ISBN 0-415-20700-2. 

Havolalar

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