Muso al-Kozim

Muso al-Kozim مُوسَىٰ ٱلْكَاظِم Oʻn ikki imomli shialarning yettinchi imomi
Muso al-Kozimning XVI asrdagi Usmonli tasviri
Unvoni	al-Kazim (lit. 'the forbearingʻ) al-Abd al-Salih (lit. „the holy servant“)
Shaxsiy maʼlumotlar
Tavalludi	tax. 745-yil 8-noyabr (7 Safar 128 HY)
Vafoti	tax. 31-avgust 799-yil(799-08-31) (53 yoshda) (25 Rajab 183 HY) Bagʻdod, Abbosiylar xalifaligi
Al-Kazimiya masjidi, Bagʻdod, Iroq 33°22′48″N 44°20′16.64″E
Dini	Shia Islam
Turmush oʻrtoq(lar)i	Najma (yoki Tuktam)
Farzandlari	Farzandlari roʻyxati Ali ar-Rizo Ahmad Abbos Fotima bint Muso Husayn Ibrohim ibn Musa ibn al-Kozim Ismoil Muhammad ibn Muso al-Kozim Muhammad al-Abid Zayd ibn Muso al-Kozim
Ota-onasi	Jaʼfar as-Sodiq (otasi) Hamida Xotun (onasi)
Boshqa nomlari	Bab al-Hawaʼij

Muso al-Kozim (مُوسَىٰ ٱبْن جَعْفَر ٱلْكَاظِم (arab tili); 745–799) — islom paygʻambari Muhammad avlodidan boʻlib, oʻn ikki imomlik shia islomida yettinchi imom hisoblanadi. Muso koʻpincha oʻzining sabr-toqati va muloyim feʼl-atvoriga ishora qiluvchi al-Kozim (soʻzma-soʻz tarjimasi „bosiq“, „sabrli“) unvoni bilan tanilgan. U 745-yilda Madinada shialarning oltinchi imomi Jaʼfar as-Sodiq oilasida tavallud topgan. Jaʼfar as-Sodiq oʻz merosxoʻrini Abbosiy xalifalarining gʻazabidan asrash maqsadida vorisni oshkora tayinlamay, 765-yilda vafot etgan. Buning natijasida kelib chiqqan vorislik inqirozi, oxir-oqibat, al-Kozim foydasiga hal boʻlgan va hozirda ismoiliylar deb ataladigan muxolif guruh asosiy shia oqimidan ajralib chiqqan.

Imom Sodiq vafotidan soʻng Muso al-Kozim Madinada qoldi va u yerda siyosatdan chetlanib, oʻzini diniy taʼlimotga bagʻishladi. Shunga qaramay, u Abbosiy xalifalari tomonidan qattiq nazorat ostida boʻlib, voyaga yetgan hayotining koʻp qismini ularning zindonlarida oʻtkazdi. Bu cheklovlarga qarshi turish uchun u Abbosiylar imperiyasi boʻylab oʻz izdoshlarining ishlarini tashkil etish va ulardan diniy ehsonlar yigʻish maqsadida mahalliy vakillardan iborat yashirin tarmoq tuzdi. Taxminan 795-yilda boshlangan uning soʻnggi qamoq muddati 799-yilda Bagʻdod zindonida vafoti bilan yakunlandi. U Abbosiy xalifasi Horun ar-Rashidning fitnasi bilan zaharlangan boʻlishi mumkin. Al-Kozim va uning nabirasi Muhammad al-Javodning maqbarasi Bagʻdodning Qodhimiya shahridagi oʻn ikki imomga eʼtiqod qiluvchi musulmonlar uchun mashhur ziyoratgoh hisoblanadi.

Muso al-Kozim o‘n ikki imomlik ta’limotidan ifrotiy qarashlar va g‘uluvni (ghuluww) bartaraf etishda muhim rol o‘ynagan. Uning fiqhiy masalalarga bergan javoblari “Vasiyat fil-aql” asarida saqlanib qolgan va unga ko‘plab duolar nisbat beriladi. Muso al-Kozim, shuningdek, sunniylikda o‘zining taqvodorligi bilan hurmatga sazovor bo‘lgan va hadislarning ishonchli roviysi (yetkazuvchisi) hisoblanadi. U tasavvufdagi oltin silsilaning bir halqasidir va ba’zi so‘fiy avliyolar ko‘pincha u bilan bog‘lanadi. Al-Kozimga payg‘ambarlarga xos bo‘lmagan turli karomatlar nisbat beriladi, bu ko‘pincha uning oldindan bilish qobiliyatini (bashoratini) ta’kidlaydi. Undan so‘ng imomlikni o‘g‘li Ali ar-Rizo davom ettirgan.

Yana qarang

• Ali ar-Rizo
• Fotima bint Muso
• Hojar Xotun masjidi
• Jaʼfar as-Sodiq
• Ismoil ibn Jaʼfar
• Muhammad al-Dibaj
• Abdulloh al-Aftoh
• Gʻoyib boʻlgan shia firqalari roʻyxati

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