Meditatsiya

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Meditatsiyaning turli xil tasvirlari (yuqori chapdan soat yo'nalishi bo'yicha): hindu Svami Vivekananda, buddist rohib Xsuan Xua, daoist Baduanjin Qigong, nasroniy Avliyo Frensis, zikrdagi musulmon so'fiylar va ijtimoiy islohotchi Narayana Guru

</link> Meditatsiya - bu odam diqqat va ongni o'rgatish, aqliy jihatdan aniq va hissiy jihatdan xotirjam va barqaror holatga erishish uchun ongni aniq bir narsaga, fikrga yoki faoliyatga qaratish kabi texnikadan foydalanadigan amaliyotdir[1] [2] [3] [4].

Meditatsiya ko'plab diniy an'analarda qo'llaniladi. Meditatsiya ( dhyana ) haqidagi eng qadimgi yozuvlar Upanishadlarda topilgan va meditatsiya hinduizm, jaynizm va buddizmning tafakkur repertuarida muhim rol o'ynaydi[5]. 19-asrdan boshlab Osiyo meditatsiya usullari boshqa madaniyatlarga tarqaldi va ular biznes va sog'liq kabi ma'naviy bo'lmagan kontekstlarda ham qo'llanildi.

Meditatsiya stress, tashvish, depressiya va og'riqni sezilarli darajada kamaytirishi mumkin[6] va tinchlik, idrok etish,[7] o'z-o'zini anglash va farovonlikni oshirishi mumkin[8] [9] [10]. Meditatsiyaning salomatlik ( psixologik, nevrologik va yurak-qon tomir ) va boshqa sohalarga ta'sirini yaxshiroq tushunish uchun tadqiqotlar davom etmoqda.

Meditatsiya an'analari[tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash]

Bog'da meditatsiya qilayotgan odam (19-asr)

Kelib chiqishi[tahrir | manbasini tahrirlash]

Meditatsiya tarixi u amalga oshirilgan diniy kontekst bilan chambarchas bog'liq[11]. Rossano meditatsiyaning ko'plab usullarining elementi bo'lgan diqqatni jamlash qobiliyatining paydo bo'lishi inson biologik evolyutsiyasining so'nggi bosqichlariga hissa qo'shgan bo'lishi mumkinligini aytdi. [12] Meditatsiya haqidagi eng qadimgi havolalar, shuningdek, proto-Samkhya Hindistonning Upanishadlarida uchraydi[13] [14]. Meditatsiyaga oid eng aniq havolalar oʻrtadagi Upanishadlar va Mahabharatada (jumladan, Bhagavad Gitada ) uchraydi[15] [16].

  1. ↑ Walsh & Shapiro 2006.
  2. ↑ Cahn & Polich 2006.
  3. ↑ Jevning, Wallace & Beidebach 1992.
  4. ↑ Goleman 1988.
  5. ↑ Dhavamony, Mariasusai. Classical Hinduism (en). Università Gregoriana Editrice, 1982 — 243 bet. ISBN 978-88-7652-482-0. 27-oktyabr 2020-yilda qaraldi. 
  6. ↑ Hölzel, Britta K.; Lazar, Sara W.; Gard, Tim; Schuman-Olivier, Zev; Vago, David R.; Ott, Ulrich (November 2011). "How Does Mindfulness Meditation Work? Proposing Mechanisms of Action From a Conceptual and Neural Perspective". Perspectives on Psychological Science: A Journal of the Association for Psychological Science 6 (6): 537–559. doi:10.1177/1745691611419671. ISSN 1745-6916. PMID 26168376. Archived from the original on 2020-10-02. https://web.archive.org/web/20201002203058/https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26168376/. Qaraldi: 2020-09-30. Meditatsiya]]
  7. ↑ „The Dalai Lama explains how to practice meditation properly“ (3-may 2017-yil). 15-aprel 2021-yilda asl nusxadan arxivlandi. Qaraldi: 8-may 2018-yil.
  8. ↑ „Meditation: In Depth“. NCCIH. 4-iyul 2018-yilda asl nusxadan arxivlandi. Qaraldi: 1-may 2018-yil.
  9. ↑ Goyal, M.; Singh, S.; Sibinga, E. M.; Gould, N. F.; Rowland-Seymour, A.; Sharma, R.; Berger, Z.; Sleicher, D. et al. (2014). "Meditation Programs for Psychological Stress and Well-being: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis". JAMA Internal Medicine 174 (3): 357–368. doi:10.1001/jamainternmed.2013.13018. PMID 24395196. PMC 4142584. //www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?tool=pmcentrez&artid=4142584. 
  10. ↑ Shaner, Lynne; Kelly, Lisa; Rockwell, Donna; Curtis, Devorah (2016). "Calm Abiding". Journal of Humanistic Psychology 57: 98. doi:10.1177/0022167815594556. 
  11. ↑ Everly & Lating 2002.
  12. ↑ Rossano, Matt J. (February 2007). "Did Meditating Make Us Human?". Cambridge Archaeological Journal 17 (1): 47–58. doi:10.1017/S0959774307000054. 
  13. ↑ Dhavamony, Mariasusai. Classical Hinduism (en). Università Gregoriana Editrice, 1982 — 243–244 bet. ISBN 978-88-7652-482-0. 27-oktyabr 2020-yilda qaraldi. 
  14. ↑ Lusthaus 2018.
  15. ↑ Alexander Wynne, The Origin of Buddhist Meditation. Routledge 2007, p. 51. The earliest reference is actually in the Mokshadharma, which dates to the early Buddhist period.
  16. ↑ The Katha Upanishad describes yoga, including meditation. On meditation in this and other post-Buddhist Hindu literature, see Collins, Randall. The Sociology of Philosophies: A Global Theory of Intellectual Change. Harvard University Press, 2000 — 199 bet.  
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