Lishayniklar: Versiyalar orasidagi farq
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==Manbalar== |
==Manbalar== |
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<ref name=dobson>F.S. Dobson (2000) Lichens, an illustrated guide to the British and Irish species. Richmond Publishing Co. Ltd., Slough, UK</ref> |
<ref name=dobson>F.S. Dobson (2000) Lichens, an illustrated guide to the British and Irish species. Richmond Publishing Co. Ltd., Slough, UK</ref> |
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<ref name="Morris2007">{{cite book |author=Morris J, Purvis W. |title=Lichens (Life) |publisher=The Natural History Museum |location=London |year=2007 |page=19 |isbn=0-565-09153-0 |oclc= |doi= |accessdate=}}</ref> |
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<ref name=ferry>Ferry, B.W., Baddeley, M.S. & Hawkworth, D. L. (Editors) (1973) Air Pollution and Lichens. Athlone Press, London.</ref> |
<ref name=ferry>Ferry, B.W., Baddeley, M.S. & Hawkworth, D. L. (Editors) (1973) Air Pollution and Lichens. Athlone Press, London.</ref> |
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<ref name=rosehawksworth> |
<ref name=rosehawksworth>Rose C.I., Hawksworth D.L. (1981) Lichen recolonization in London's cleaner air. Nature</ref> |
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<ref name=Hawksworthrose1976>D.L. Hawksworth and F. Rose(1976) Lichens as pollution monitors. Edward Arnold, Institute of Biology Series, No. 66. 60pp. ISBN 0713125543: 0713125551(pbk.)</ref> |
<ref name=Hawksworthrose1976>D.L. Hawksworth and F. Rose(1976) Lichens as pollution monitors. Edward Arnold, Institute of Biology Series, No. 66. 60pp. ISBN 0713125543: 0713125551(pbk.)</ref> |
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15-Iyun 2011, 19:19 dagi koʻrinishi
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| Biologik klassifikatsiya | ||||
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Lishayniklar (lotincha: Lichenes) zamburugʻlar va suvoʻtlari va/yoki sianobakteriyalarning simbiotik majmualari boʻlmish organizmlardir.[1] Biroq lishayniklar morfologiyasi, fiziologiyasi va biokimyosi zamburugʻ va suvoʻtlarnikidan farq qiladi. Lishayniklar tarqalish areali nihoyatda xilma-xil, ularni sovuq, nam iqlimda ham, issiq, choʻl sharoitida ham uchratish mumkin,[2] shu bilan birga ular atrof-muhit oʻzgarishiga sezgirdir.[3][4][5] Lishayniklardan boʻyoq, atir-upa ishlab chiqarishda hamda tabobatda foydalaniladi.
Manbalar
- ↑ 1,0 1,1 F.S. Dobson (2000) Lichens, an illustrated guide to the British and Irish species. Richmond Publishing Co. Ltd., Slough, UK
- ↑ 2,0 2,1 Morris J, Purvis W.. Lichens (Life). London: The Natural History Museum, 2007 — 19 bet. ISBN 0-565-09153-0.
- ↑ 3,0 3,1 Ferry, B.W., Baddeley, M.S. & Hawkworth, D. L. (Editors) (1973) Air Pollution and Lichens. Athlone Press, London.
- ↑ 4,0 4,1 Rose C.I., Hawksworth D.L. (1981) Lichen recolonization in London's cleaner air. Nature
- ↑ 5,0 5,1 D.L. Hawksworth and F. Rose(1976) Lichens as pollution monitors. Edward Arnold, Institute of Biology Series, No. 66. 60pp. ISBN 0713125543: 0713125551(pbk.)